Version July 2025
| Gastrointestinal |
| Increased losses (diarrhea, vomiting, nasogastric drainage) |
| Decreased intake (anorexia, bulimia) |
| Increased potassium intracellular uptake |
| Alkalosis |
| Increased insulin activity |
| Beta adrenergic agents (eg, albuterol, epinephrine, dopamine) |
Periodic paralysis:
|
Other drugs:
|
| Increased urinary losses |
Increased distal delivery of sodium to distal nephron:
|
| Types I and II renal tubular acidosis |
Increased mineralocorticoid activity:
|
| Tubulopathies (Bartter syndrome, Gitelman syndrome) |
| Amphotericin |
| Enhanced sodium reabsorption (Liddle syndrome) |
| Increased skin loss |
| Cystic fibrosis |
