ﺑﺎﺯﮔﺸﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﻗﺒﻠﯽ
خرید پکیج
تعداد آیتم قابل مشاهده باقیمانده : 3 مورد
نسخه الکترونیک
medimedia.ir

Methocarbamol: Drug information

Methocarbamol: Drug information
(For additional information see "Methocarbamol: Patient drug information" and see "Methocarbamol: Pediatric drug information")

For abbreviations, symbols, and age group definitions used in Lexicomp (show table)
Brand Names: US
  • Robaxin [DSC];
  • Robaxin-750 [DSC]
Brand Names: Canada
  • Robaximol [DSC]
Pharmacologic Category
  • Skeletal Muscle Relaxant
Dosing: Adult
Muscle spasm

Muscle spasm:

Note: For skeletal muscle spasm and/or pain (eg, low back pain, neck pain) with muscle spasm, usually in combination with a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug and/or acetaminophen (Ref). In general, muscle relaxants should be used temporarily (eg, for a few days or intermittently for a few days when needed) (Ref).

Oral: 1.5 g 3 to 4 times daily for 2 to 3 days (up to 8 g/day may be given in severe conditions), then decrease dose to ≤4.5 g/day in 3 to 4 divided doses (eg, 1.5 g 3 times daily or 750 mg 4 times daily) (Ref).

IM, IV: Initial: 1 g; may repeat every 8 hours; maximum dose: 3 g/day for no more than 3 consecutive days. If condition persists, may repeat course of therapy after a drug-free interval of 48 hours.

Dosing: Kidney Impairment: Adult

The renal dosing recommendations are based upon the best available evidence and clinical expertise. Senior Editorial Team: Bruce Mueller, PharmD, FCCP, FASN, FNKF; Jason Roberts, PhD, BPharm (Hons), B App Sc, FSHP, FISAC; Michael Heung, MD, MS.

IV: Use contraindicated in patients with kidney impairment due to the presence of polyethylene glycol (Ref).

Oral:

Altered kidney function: Mild to severe impairment: Limited data suggest no dosage adjustment necessary (Ref); use with caution (Ref).

Hemodialysis, intermittent (thrice weekly): Unknown dialyzability: No dosage adjustment necessary (Ref); drowsiness has been described in patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) (Ref); use with caution (Ref).

Peritoneal dialysis: Unknown dialyzability: No dosage adjustment necessary (Ref); drowsiness has been described in patients with ESKD (Ref); use with caution (Ref).

Dosing: Hepatic Impairment: Adult

No dosage adjustment provided in manufacturer’s labeling. However, elimination may be reduced in patients with cirrhosis.

Dosing: Older Adult

Avoid use (Ref).

Dosing: Pediatric

(For additional information see "Methocarbamol: Pediatric drug information")

Muscle spasm

Muscle spasm: Adolescents ≥16 years: Oral: 1,500 mg 4 times daily for 2 to 3 days; maximum daily dose: 8 g/day (reserved for severe conditions); then decrease dose to 4,000 to 4,500 mg/day in 3 to 6 divided doses (ie, 1,000 mg 4 times daily or 750 mg every 4 hours or 1,500 mg 3 times daily).

Postoperative pain, adjunct

Postoperative pain, adjunct: Very limited data available. Note: Use described in patients following minimally invasive repair of pectus excavatum and spinal fusion surgery as part of a multimodal postoperative pain protocol (Ref).

Children ≥4 years and Adolescents:

Postoperative day (POD) 0:

IV: 10 mg/kg/dose every 6 to 8 hours for 48 to 72 hours. Maximum adult daily dose: 3,000 mg/day for no more than 3 consecutive days (Ref).

POD 2 or 3:

Oral: 10 mg/kg/dose every 6 to 8 hours. Maximum adult daily dose: 4,000 mg/day (Ref).

Tetanus

Tetanus: Note: Use has generally been replaced by other agents (eg, benzodiazepines) (Ref):

Infants, Children, and Adolescents: IV: 15 mg/kg/dose or 500 mg/m2/dose; may repeat every 6 hours as needed; usual adult dose: 1,000 to 2,000 mg/dose; maximum total dose: 1.8 g/m2 for 3 days; in adults, injection is not recommended for use longer than 3 days.

Dosing: Kidney Impairment: Pediatric

Children and Adolescents: There are no dosage adjustments provided in the manufacturer's labeling; however, administration of the parenteral formulation is contraindicated in patients with renal dysfunction due to the presence of polyethylene glycol.

Dosing: Hepatic Impairment: Pediatric

There are no dosage adjustments provided in the manufacturer's labeling; however, elimination may be reduced in patients with cirrhosis.

Adverse Reactions (Significant): Considerations
CNS effects and fall/injury risk

Methocarbamol may cause CNS effects, including (but not limited to) dizziness and drowsiness, which may impair physical or mental abilities (Ref). Confusion and sedated state may also occur (Ref). Methocarbamol has been associated with an increased risk of accidental injury (including falling and bone fracture) in older adults (Ref).

Mechanism: Related to the pharmacologic action (ie, global CNS depression) (Ref).

Risk factors:

• Continuous use within the prior 60 days (increased risk of injuries in older adults) (Ref)

• Concurrent use of alcohol or other CNS depressants

• Older adults (>65 years) (Ref)

Adverse Reactions

The following adverse drug reactions and incidences are derived from product labeling unless otherwise specified.

Frequency not defined:

Cardiovascular: Bradycardia, flushing, hypotension, syncope, thrombophlebitis

Dermatologic: Pruritus, skin rash, urticaria

Gastrointestinal: Dyspepsia, nausea, vomiting

Hematologic & oncologic: Leukopenia

Hepatic: Cholestatic jaundice, jaundice

Hypersensitivity: Anaphylaxis, angioedema

Local: Local skin exfoliation (injection), pain at injection site

Nervous system: Amnesia, ataxia, confusion, headache, insomnia, metallic taste, sedated state, seizure, vertigo

Ophthalmic: Blurred vision, conjunctivitis, diplopia, nystagmus disorder

Respiratory: Nasal congestion

Miscellaneous: Fever

Postmarketing:

Nervous system: Dizziness (Friedman 2018), drowsiness (Friedman 2018), falling (Spence 2013)

Neuromuscular & skeletal: Bone fracture (Spence 2013)

Miscellaneous: Accidental injury (Spence 2013)

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to methocarbamol or any component of the formulation; renal impairment (injection formulation)

Warnings/Precautions

Disease-related concerns:

• Hepatic impairment: Plasma protein binding and clearance are decreased and the half-life is increased in patients with hepatic impairment.

• Renal impairment: Use of IV formulation is contraindicated.

• Seizure disorder: Use the oral formulation with caution in patients with a history of seizure disorder. Intravenous administration to patients with a seizure disorder is not recommended.

Special populations:

• Pediatric: IV formulation: Recommended only for the treatment of tetanus in pediatric patients.

Dosage form specific issues:

• Injection: Contraindicated in renal impairment. Contains polyethylene glycol. Rate of injection should not exceed 3 mL/minute; solution is hypertonic; avoid extravasation.

Dosage Forms: US

Excipient information presented when available (limited, particularly for generics); consult specific product labeling. [DSC] = Discontinued product

Solution, Injection:

Robaxin: 1000 mg/10 mL (10 mL [DSC]) [pyrogen free; contains polyethylene glycol 300 (peg-6)]

Generic: 1000 mg/10 mL (10 mL)

Solution, Injection [preservative free]:

Robaxin: 1000 mg/10 mL (10 mL [DSC]) [contains polyethylene glycol 300 (peg-6)]

Generic: 1000 mg/10 mL (10 mL)

Tablet, Oral:

Robaxin-750: 750 mg [DSC] [contains fd&c yellow #6 (sunset yellow), quinoline yellow (d&c yellow #10), saccharin sodium]

Generic: 500 mg, 750 mg, 1000 mg [DSC]

Generic Equivalent Available: US

Yes

Pricing: US

Solution (Methocarbamol Injection)

1000 mg/10 mL (per mL): $0.75 - $2.06

Tablets (Methocarbamol Oral)

500 mg (per each): $0.13 - $15.73

750 mg (per each): $0.17 - $0.73

Disclaimer: A representative AWP (Average Wholesale Price) price or price range is provided as reference price only. A range is provided when more than one manufacturer's AWP price is available and uses the low and high price reported by the manufacturers to determine the range. The pricing data should be used for benchmarking purposes only, and as such should not be used alone to set or adjudicate any prices for reimbursement or purchasing functions or considered to be an exact price for a single product and/or manufacturer. Medi-Span expressly disclaims all warranties of any kind or nature, whether express or implied, and assumes no liability with respect to accuracy of price or price range data published in its solutions. In no event shall Medi-Span be liable for special, indirect, incidental, or consequential damages arising from use of price or price range data. Pricing data is updated monthly.

Dosage Forms: Canada

Excipient information presented when available (limited, particularly for generics); consult specific product labeling. [DSC] = Discontinued product

Solution, Injection:

Robaximol: 100 mg/mL ([DSC])

Administration: Adult

Solution for injection:

IM: A maximum of 5 mL can be administered into each gluteal region.

IV: Maximum rate: 3 mL/minute; may be administered undiluted or diluted. Monitor closely for extravasation. Administer IV while in recumbent position. Maintain position for at least 10-15 minutes following infusion.

Tablet: May be crushed and mixed with food or liquid if needed.

Administration: Pediatric

Oral: Tablet: May be crushed and mixed with food or liquid if needed.

Parenteral: IV: May be directly injected undiluted at a maximum rate of 3 mL/minute; may also be further diluted and infused more slowly; patient should be in the recumbent position during and for 10 to 15 minutes after IV administration. Monitor closely for extravasation.

Use: Labeled Indications

Muscle spasm: Adjunctive treatment of muscle spasm associated with acute painful musculoskeletal conditions.

Medication Safety Issues
Sound-alike/look-alike issues:

Methocarbamol may be confused with mephobarbital

Robaxin may be confused with ribavirin, Skelaxin

Older Adult: High-Risk Medication:

Beers Criteria: Methocarbamol is identified in the Beers Criteria as a potentially inappropriate medication to be avoided in patients 65 years and older (independent of diagnosis or condition) because most muscle relaxants are poorly tolerated in older adults due to anticholinergic effects caused by some muscle relaxants, risk of sedation, and an increased risk of fracture. In addition, efficacy is questionable at doses tolerated by geriatric patients (Beers Criteria [AGS 2023]).

International issues:

Robaxin [US, Canada, Great Britain, Greece, Spain] may be confused with Rubex brand name for ascorbic acid [Ireland]; doxorubicin [Brazil]

Metabolism/Transport Effects

None known.

Drug Interactions

Note: Interacting drugs may not be individually listed below if they are part of a group interaction (eg, individual drugs within “CYP3A4 Inducers [Strong]” are NOT listed). For a complete list of drug interactions by individual drug name and detailed management recommendations, use the Lexicomp drug interactions program by clicking on the “Launch drug interactions program” link above.

Alcohol (Ethyl): CNS Depressants may enhance the CNS depressant effect of Alcohol (Ethyl). Risk C: Monitor therapy

Alizapride: May enhance the CNS depressant effect of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Azelastine (Nasal): May enhance the CNS depressant effect of CNS Depressants. Risk X: Avoid combination

Blonanserin: CNS Depressants may enhance the CNS depressant effect of Blonanserin. Management: Use caution if coadministering blonanserin and CNS depressants; dose reduction of the other CNS depressant may be required. Strong CNS depressants should not be coadministered with blonanserin. Risk D: Consider therapy modification

Botulinum Toxin-Containing Products: Muscle Relaxants (Centrally Acting) may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Botulinum Toxin-Containing Products. Specifically, the risk for increased muscle weakness may be enhanced. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Brexanolone: CNS Depressants may enhance the CNS depressant effect of Brexanolone. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Brimonidine (Topical): May enhance the CNS depressant effect of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Bromopride: May enhance the CNS depressant effect of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Bromperidol: May enhance the CNS depressant effect of CNS Depressants. Risk X: Avoid combination

Buprenorphine: CNS Depressants may enhance the CNS depressant effect of Buprenorphine. Management: Consider reduced doses of other CNS depressants, and avoiding such drugs in patients at high risk of buprenorphine overuse/self-injection. Initiate buprenorphine at lower doses in patients already receiving CNS depressants. Risk D: Consider therapy modification

Cannabinoid-Containing Products: CNS Depressants may enhance the CNS depressant effect of Cannabinoid-Containing Products. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Chlormethiazole: May enhance the CNS depressant effect of CNS Depressants. Management: Monitor closely for evidence of excessive CNS depression. The chlormethiazole labeling states that an appropriately reduced dose should be used if such a combination must be used. Risk D: Consider therapy modification

Chlorphenesin Carbamate: May enhance the adverse/toxic effect of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor therapy

CNS Depressants: May enhance the adverse/toxic effect of other CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Daridorexant: May enhance the CNS depressant effect of CNS Depressants. Management: Dose reduction of daridorexant and/or any other CNS depressant may be necessary. Use of daridorexant with alcohol is not recommended, and the use of daridorexant with any other drug to treat insomnia is not recommended. Risk D: Consider therapy modification

DexmedeTOMIDine: CNS Depressants may enhance the CNS depressant effect of DexmedeTOMIDine. Management: Monitor for increased CNS depression during coadministration of dexmedetomidine and CNS depressants, and consider dose reductions of either agent to avoid excessive CNS depression. Risk D: Consider therapy modification

Difelikefalin: May enhance the CNS depressant effect of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Dimethindene (Topical): May enhance the CNS depressant effect of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Doxylamine: CNS Depressants may enhance the CNS depressant effect of Doxylamine. Risk C: Monitor therapy

DroPERidol: May enhance the CNS depressant effect of CNS Depressants. Management: Consider dose reductions of droperidol or of other CNS agents (eg, opioids, barbiturates) with concomitant use. Risk D: Consider therapy modification

Eperisone: May enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Methocarbamol. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Esketamine: May enhance the CNS depressant effect of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Flunarizine: CNS Depressants may enhance the CNS depressant effect of Flunarizine. Risk X: Avoid combination

Flunitrazepam: CNS Depressants may enhance the CNS depressant effect of Flunitrazepam. Management: Reduce the dose of CNS depressants when combined with flunitrazepam and monitor patients for evidence of CNS depression (eg, sedation, respiratory depression). Use non-CNS depressant alternatives when available. Risk D: Consider therapy modification

HydrOXYzine: May enhance the CNS depressant effect of CNS Depressants. Management: Consider a decrease in the CNS depressant dose, as appropriate, when used together with hydroxyzine. Increase monitoring of signs/symptoms of CNS depression in any patient receiving hydroxyzine together with another CNS depressant. Risk D: Consider therapy modification

Ixabepilone: May enhance the CNS depressant effect of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Kava Kava: May enhance the CNS depressant effect of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Kratom: May enhance the CNS depressant effect of CNS Depressants. Risk X: Avoid combination

Lemborexant: May enhance the CNS depressant effect of CNS Depressants. Management: Dosage adjustments of lemborexant and of concomitant CNS depressants may be necessary when administered together because of potentially additive CNS depressant effects. Close monitoring for CNS depressant effects is necessary. Risk D: Consider therapy modification

Lisuride: May enhance the CNS depressant effect of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Lofexidine: May enhance the CNS depressant effect of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Magnesium Sulfate: May enhance the CNS depressant effect of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Methotrimeprazine: CNS Depressants may enhance the CNS depressant effect of Methotrimeprazine. Methotrimeprazine may enhance the CNS depressant effect of CNS Depressants. Management: Reduce the usual dose of CNS depressants by 50% if starting methotrimeprazine until the dose of methotrimeprazine is stable. Monitor patient closely for evidence of CNS depression. Risk D: Consider therapy modification

Metoclopramide: May enhance the CNS depressant effect of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor therapy

MetyroSINE: CNS Depressants may enhance the sedative effect of MetyroSINE. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Minocycline (Systemic): May enhance the CNS depressant effect of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Nabilone: May enhance the CNS depressant effect of CNS Depressants. Risk X: Avoid combination

Olopatadine (Nasal): May enhance the CNS depressant effect of CNS Depressants. Risk X: Avoid combination

Opioid Agonists: CNS Depressants may enhance the CNS depressant effect of Opioid Agonists. Management: Avoid concomitant use of opioid agonists and benzodiazepines or other CNS depressants when possible. These agents should only be combined if alternative treatment options are inadequate. If combined, limit the dosages and duration of each drug. Risk D: Consider therapy modification

Orphenadrine: CNS Depressants may enhance the CNS depressant effect of Orphenadrine. Risk X: Avoid combination

Oxomemazine: May enhance the CNS depressant effect of CNS Depressants. Risk X: Avoid combination

Oxybate Salt Products: CNS Depressants may enhance the CNS depressant effect of Oxybate Salt Products. Management: Consider alternatives to this combination when possible. If combined, dose reduction or discontinuation of one or more CNS depressants (including the oxybate salt product) should be considered. Interrupt oxybate salt treatment during short-term opioid use Risk D: Consider therapy modification

OxyCODONE: CNS Depressants may enhance the CNS depressant effect of OxyCODONE. Management: Avoid concomitant use of oxycodone and benzodiazepines or other CNS depressants when possible. These agents should only be combined if alternative treatment options are inadequate. If combined, limit the dosages and duration of each drug. Risk D: Consider therapy modification

Paraldehyde: CNS Depressants may enhance the CNS depressant effect of Paraldehyde. Risk X: Avoid combination

Perampanel: May enhance the CNS depressant effect of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Piribedil: CNS Depressants may enhance the CNS depressant effect of Piribedil. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Pramipexole: CNS Depressants may enhance the sedative effect of Pramipexole. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Procarbazine: May enhance the CNS depressant effect of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Ropeginterferon Alfa-2b: CNS Depressants may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Ropeginterferon Alfa-2b. Specifically, the risk of neuropsychiatric adverse effects may be increased. Management: Avoid coadministration of ropeginterferon alfa-2b and other CNS depressants. If this combination cannot be avoided, monitor patients for neuropsychiatric adverse effects (eg, depression, suicidal ideation, aggression, mania). Risk D: Consider therapy modification

ROPINIRole: CNS Depressants may enhance the sedative effect of ROPINIRole. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Rotigotine: CNS Depressants may enhance the sedative effect of Rotigotine. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Rufinamide: May enhance the adverse/toxic effect of CNS Depressants. Specifically, sleepiness and dizziness may be enhanced. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Suvorexant: CNS Depressants may enhance the CNS depressant effect of Suvorexant. Management: Dose reduction of suvorexant and/or any other CNS depressant may be necessary. Use of suvorexant with alcohol is not recommended, and the use of suvorexant with any other drug to treat insomnia is not recommended. Risk D: Consider therapy modification

Thalidomide: CNS Depressants may enhance the CNS depressant effect of Thalidomide. Risk X: Avoid combination

Tolperisone: May enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Muscle Relaxants (Centrally Acting). Management: Monitor for increased sedation or CNS effects if tolperisone is combined with other centrally acting muscle relaxants. Consider decreasing the tolperisone dose if these agents are combined. Risk D: Consider therapy modification

Trimeprazine: May enhance the CNS depressant effect of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Valerian: May enhance the CNS depressant effect of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Zolpidem: CNS Depressants may enhance the CNS depressant effect of Zolpidem. Management: Reduce the Intermezzo brand sublingual zolpidem adult dose to 1.75 mg for men who are also receiving other CNS depressants. No such dose change is recommended for women. Avoid use with other CNS depressants at bedtime; avoid use with alcohol. Risk D: Consider therapy modification

Zuranolone: May enhance the CNS depressant effect of CNS Depressants. Management: Consider alternatives to the use of zuranolone with other CNS depressants or alcohol. If combined, consider a zuranolone dose reduction and monitor patients closely for increased CNS depressant effects. Risk D: Consider therapy modification

Pregnancy Considerations

Animal reproduction studies have not been conducted. The manufacturer notes that fetal and congenital abnormalities have been reported following in utero exposure (Hall 1982).

Breastfeeding Considerations

It is not known if methocarbamol is present in breast milk. The manufacturer recommends that caution be exercised when administering methocarbamol to breastfeeding women.

Monitoring Parameters

Monitor closely for extravasation, bradycardia, hypotension (IV administration); mental alertness.

Mechanism of Action

Causes skeletal muscle relaxation by general CNS depression

Pharmacokinetics (Adult Data Unless Noted)

Onset of action: Muscle relaxation: Oral: ~30 minutes

Protein binding: 46% to 50%

Metabolism: Hepatic via dealkylation and hydroxylation

Half-life elimination: 1 to 2 hours

Time to peak, serum: Oral: 1 to 2 hours

Excretion: Urine (primarily as metabolites)

Clearance: Adults: 0.2 to 0.8 L/hour/kg

Pharmacokinetics: Additional Considerations (Adult Data Unless Noted)

Altered kidney function: Clearance is decreased ~40% in patients with severe renal impairment.

Hepatic function impairment: Clearance is decreased ~70%; t 1/2 is prolonged ~3-fold in cirrhosis patients.

Brand Names: International
International Brand Names by Country
For country code abbreviations (show table)

  • (AE) United Arab Emirates: Robaxin;
  • (CH) Switzerland: Metoflex;
  • (CI) Côte d'Ivoire: Lumirelax;
  • (CO) Colombia: Carbarel | Luxafar | Luxakres | Metocarbamol | Mioflex | Plewin | Reflexal | Relansol | Robaxin | Sinaxar;
  • (DE) Germany: Dolovisano Methocarbamol | Methocarbamol al | Methocarbamol neuraxpharm | Methocarbamol stada | Ortoton | Ortoton forte;
  • (DO) Dominican Republic: Metocarbamol;
  • (EC) Ecuador: Metocarbamol;
  • (ES) Spain: Robaxin;
  • (FR) France: Lumirelax;
  • (GB) United Kingdom: Methocarbamol aristo | Methocarbamol neuraxpharm | Robaxin;
  • (IE) Ireland: Robaxin;
  • (IN) India: Robinax;
  • (JP) Japan: Carbametin | Methocabal | Methocarbamol mita | Ohlaxin | Robaxin;
  • (KR) Korea, Republic of: Bc methocarbamol | C tri Methocarbamol | Caramol | Carba | Carbamol | Carmol | Carsin | Catar | Catareo | Cmg methocarbamol | Dibefanil | Hanall methocarbamol | Jr methocarbamol | Mebaron | Meca | Mecaba | Medamol | Medoran | Merbamol | Merkan | Meroca | Methoca | Methocaba | Methona | Methosi | Meto | Metocamol | Mimotyl | New-rexan | Quicksmol | Tobaxin;
  • (KW) Kuwait: Robaxin;
  • (LB) Lebanon: Lumirelax;
  • (LV) Latvia: Ortoton;
  • (MX) Mexico: Remisol plus | Rexivin;
  • (NG) Nigeria: Dorbaxin | Kinthomol | Robaxol;
  • (NO) Norway: Ortoton | Robaxin;
  • (PR) Puerto Rico: Robaxin | Robomol;
  • (QA) Qatar: Metoflex;
  • (SA) Saudi Arabia: Robaxin;
  • (TH) Thailand: Fob Carbamol | Laxan | Manic | Mebamol | Metcamol | Methamol | Musxan | Myocin | Myomethol;
  • (TN) Tunisia: Ortoton;
  • (TR) Turkey: Miyokalm;
  • (TW) Taiwan: Bolaxin | Fubaxin | Rebamol | Robaxin | Taspan;
  • (VE) Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of: Metocarbamol;
  • (VN) Viet Nam: Mibelaxol | Oritamol;
  • (ZA) South Africa: Robaxin
  1. 2023 American Geriatrics Society Beers Criteria Update Expert Panel. American Geriatrics Society 2023 updated AGS Beers Criteria for potentially inappropriate medication use in older adults. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2023;71(7):2052-2081. doi:10.1111/jgs.18372 [PubMed 37139824]
  2. Abd-Elsalam S, Arafa M, Elkadeem M, et al. Randomized-controlled trial of methocarbamol as a novel treatment for muscle cramps in cirrhotic patients. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2019;31(4):499-502. doi:10.1097/MEG.0000000000001310 [PubMed 30444744]
  3. American Pain Society. Principles of Analgesic Use. 7th ed. Chicago, IL: American Pain Society; 2016.
  4. Boisvert-Plante V, Poulin-Harnois C, Ingelmo P, Einhorn LM. What we know and what we don't know about the perioperative use of methadone in children and adolescents. Paediatr Anaesth. 2023;33(3):185-192. doi:10.1111/pan.14584 [PubMed 36281540]
  5. Chou R, Deyo R, Friedly J, et al. Systemic pharmacologic therapies for low back pain: a systematic review for an American College of Physicians clinical practice guideline. Ann Intern Med. 2017;166(7):480-492. doi: 10.7326/M16-2458. [PubMed 28192790]
  6. Emrich OM, Milachowski KA, Strohmeier M. Methocarbamol in acute low back pain. A randomized double-blind controlled study [published correction appears in MMW Fortschr Med. 2019;161(suppl 6):2]. MMW Fortschr Med. 2015;157(suppl 5):9-16. doi: 10.1007/s15006-015-3307-x. [PubMed 26168743]
  7. Expert opinion. Senior Renal Editorial Team: Bruce Mueller, PharmD, FCCP, FASN, FNKF; Jason A. Roberts, PhD, BPharm (Hons), B App Sc, FSHP, FISAC; Michael Heung, MD, MS.
  8. Friedman BW, Cisewski D, Irizarry E, et al. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of naproxen with or without orphenadrine or methocarbamol for acute low back pain. Ann Emerg Med. 2018;71(3):348-356.e5. doi: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2017.09.031. [PubMed 29089169]
  9. Golden AG, Ma Q, Nair V, Florez HJ, Roos BA. Risk for fractures with centrally acting muscle relaxants: an analysis of a national Medicare Advantage claims database. Ann Pharmacother. 2010;44(9):1369-1375. doi:10.1345/aph.1P210 [PubMed 20606016]
  10. Hall JG, Reed SD. Teratogens associated with congenital contractures in humans and in animals. Teratology. 1982;25(2):173-191. [PubMed 7101197]
  11. Hsu SS, Groleau G. Tetanus in the emergency department: a current review. J Emerg Med. 2001;20(4):357-365. [PubMed 11348815]
  12. Inge TH, Owings E, Blewett CJ, et al. Reduced hospitalization cost for patients with pectus excavatum treated using minimally invasive surgery. Surg Endosc. 2003;17(10):1609-1613. doi:10.1007/s00464-002-8767-0 [PubMed 12874691]
  13. Methocarbamol tablet, USP [prescribing information]. Edison, NJ: AustarPharma LLC; March 2022.
  14. Methocarbamol tablet, USP [prescribing information]. Fairfield, NJ: Granulation Technology, Inc; May 2021.
  15. National Committee for Quality Assurance. Healthcare Effectiveness Data and Information Set (HEDIS). Use of high-risk medications in the elderly (DAE). https://www.ncqa.org/hedis/measures/hedis-2017-national-drug-code-ndc-license/hedis-2017-final-ndc-lists. Published 2017. Accessed December 19, 2018.
  16. Poppen JL, Flanagan ME. Use of methocarbamol for muscle spasm after lumbar and cervical laminectomies. J Am Med Assoc. 1959;171:298-299. doi:10.1001/jama.1959.73010210003013a [PubMed 13854387]
  17. Preston KL, Wolf B, Guarino JJ, Griffiths RR. Subjective and behavioral effects of diphenhydramine, lorazepam and methocarbamol: evaluation of abuse liability. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1992;262(2):707-720. [PubMed 1501118]
  18. Refer to manufacturer's labeling.
  19. Robaxin (methocarbamol) [prescribing information]. Eatontown, NJ: West-Ward; October 2017.
  20. Robaxin and Robaxin-750 (methocarbamol) [prescribing information]. Malvern, PA: Endo Pharmaceuticals Inc; January 2019.
  21. Sica DA, Comstock TJ, Davis J, et al. Pharmacokinetics and protein binding of methocarbamol in renal insufficiency and normals. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1990;39(2):193-194. doi:10.1007/BF00280060 [PubMed 2253675]
  22. Spence MM, Shin PJ, Lee EA, Gibbs NE. Risk of injury associated with skeletal muscle relaxant use in older adults. Ann Pharmacother. 2013;47(7-8):993-998. [PubMed 23821610]
  23. van Tulder MW, Touray T, Furlan AD, Solway S, Bouter LM; Cochrane Back Review Group. Muscle relaxants for nonspecific low back pain: a systematic review within the framework of the Cochrane Collaboration. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2003;28(17):1978-1992. [PubMed 12973146]
  24. Ye J, Myung K, Packiasabapathy S, et al. Methadone-based multimodal analgesia provides the best-in-class acute surgical pain control and functional outcomes with lower opioid use following major posterior fusion surgery in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis. Pediatr Qual Saf. 2020;5(4):e336. doi:10.1097/pq9.0000000000000336 [PubMed 32766507]
Topic 9628 Version 643.0

آیا می خواهید مدیلیب را به صفحه اصلی خود اضافه کنید؟