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خرید پکیج
تعداد آیتم قابل مشاهده باقیمانده : 3 مورد
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Characteristics of depression screening instruments

Characteristics of depression screening instruments
Instrument Sensitivity* (%) Specificity (%) Number of itemsΔ Response format Score range Usual cutpoint◊ Literacy level§ Time to administer (minutes) Monitor severity or response
Two-question screen 95 65 2 Yes or no 0 to 2 ≥1 Average <1 No
PHQ-2 91 67 2 4 frequency ratings 0 to 6 ≥2 Average <1 Limited
PHQ-9 85 85 9 4 frequency ratings 0 to 27
  • For screening: ≥10
  • For classification of severity: 0 to 4 none
  • 5 to 9 mild
  • 10 to 14 moderate
  • 15 to 19 moderately-severe
  • 20 to 27 severe
 Average 2 to 5 Yes
GDS-15 94 81 15 Yes or no 0 to 15 ≥5 Easy 5 to 7 Yes
BDI 90 79 21, 13, 7 4 ratings of symptom severity 0 to 63
  • 10 to 19 mild
  • 20 to 29 moderate
  • ≥30 severe
 Easy ≤10 Yes
CES-D 87 70 20 4 frequency ratings 0 to 60 ≥16 Average ≤10 Unknown
WHO-5 93 64 5 4 frequency ratings 0 to 25 ≤12 Easy <2 Unknown
EPDS 81 88 10 4 frequency ratings 0 to 30 ≥10 Easy <2 Yes

BDI: Beck Depression Inventory; CES-D: Center for Epidemiology Studies Depression Scale; EPDS: Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale; GDS: Geriatric Depression Scale; PHQ: Patient Health Questionnaire; WHO-5: World Health Organization Well-being Index.

* Sensitivity describes the proportion of patients with major depressive disorder who score below the cutpoint.

¶ Specificity describes the proportion of patients without major depressive disorder who score below the cutpoint.

Δ Numbers refer to different versions of the same instrument and are listed from most to least number of items.

◊ Cutpoint is given for the instrument version with the most number of items.

§ Easy: 3rd to 5th grade reading level; Average: 6th to 9th grade reading level.
Data from:
  1. Williams JW Jr. Depression. In: The Rational Clinical Examination: Evidence-Based Clinical Diagnosis, 1st ed, Simel DL, Rennie D (Eds), McGraw-Hill 2009.
  2. O'Connor E, Henninger M, Perdue LA, et al. Screening for depression, anxiety, and suicide risk in adults: A systematic evidence review for the US Preventive Services Task Force. Report no. 22-05295-EF-1, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Rockville, MD 2023.
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