ﺑﺎﺯﮔﺸﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﻗﺒﻠﯽ
خرید پکیج
تعداد آیتم قابل مشاهده باقیمانده : 1 مورد

Dimenhydrinate: Drug information

Dimenhydrinate: Drug information
2025© UpToDate, Inc. and its affiliates and/or licensors. All Rights Reserved.
For additional information see "Dimenhydrinate: Patient drug information" and "Dimenhydrinate: Pediatric drug information"

For abbreviations, symbols, and age group definitions show table
Brand Names: US
  • Dramamine [OTC];
  • Driminate [OTC];
  • GoodSense Motion Sickness [OTC] [DSC]
Brand Names: Canada
  • Gravol;
  • Gravol Comfort Shaped Suppositories;
  • Gravol Kids Comfort Shaped Suppositories
Pharmacologic Category
  • Ethanolamine Derivative;
  • Histamine H1 Antagonist;
  • Histamine H1 Antagonist, First Generation
Dosing: Adult
Motion sickness; motion sickness–associated nausea/vomiting

Motion sickness; motion sickness–associated nausea/vomiting:

Oral:

Immediate release: 50 to 100 mg every 4 to 6 hours (maximum: 400 mg/day).

Immediate-release/sustained-release combination [Canadian product]: 100 mg every 8 to 12 hours (maximum: 300 mg/day).

Rectal [Canadian product]: 50 to 100 mg every 6 to 8 hours as necessary.

IM, IV: 50 mg every 4 hours; may increase to 100 mg every 4 hours if needed.

Nausea and vomiting, pregnancy associated, severe or refractory

Nausea and vomiting, pregnancy associated, severe or refractory (alternative agent) (off-label use): Note: May be considered as a component of combination therapy when symptoms persist following initial pharmacologic therapy. Combined use with doxylamine (or other H1 antagonist) may increase adverse reactions (Ref).

Oral: 25 to 50 mg every 4 to 6 hours as needed; maximum: 300 mg per day. Note: Maximum of 200 mg per day if patient is also taking doxylamine (Ref).

IV: 50 mg administered over 20 minutes every 4 to 6 hours as needed; maximum: 300 mg per day. Note: Maximum: 200 mg per day if patient is also taking doxylamine (Ref).

Rectal [Canadian product]: 50 mg every 4 to 6 hours as needed; maximum: 300 mg per day. Note: Maximum: 200 mg per day if patient is also taking doxylamine (Ref).

Postoperative nausea and vomiting

Postoperative nausea and vomiting:

Oral [Canadian labeled indication]: 50 to 100 mg prior to procedure, then 50 to 100 mg post-procedure; repeat as necessary (maximum: 400 mg/day).

IM, IV [Canadian product]: 50 mg prior to treatment, then 50 mg post-procedure; repeat as necessary (maximum: 400 mg/day).

Radiation sickness

Radiation sickness:

IM, IV [Canadian labeled indication]: 50 to 100 mg 30 to 60 minutes prior to treatment, then 50 mg at 90 minutes after treatment, followed by 50 mg at 3 hours after treatment. Repeat dose as necessary (maximum: 400 mg/day).

Rectal [Canadian product]: 50 to 100 mg 30 to 60 minutes prior to treatment; repeat as necessary (maximum: 400 mg/day).

Vertigo, acute episodes

Vertigo, acute episodes:

Note: Reserve use for symptomatic relief of episodes lasting several hours to days (maximum duration: 3 days); chronic use may impede adaptation and recovery (Ref).

Oral:

Immediate release: 50 mg every 4 to 6 hours (Ref). The manufacturer's labeling recommends a maximum of 400 mg/day; however, some experts do not recommend doses greater than 300 mg/day (Ref).

Immediate-release/sustained-release combination [Canadian product]: 100 mg every 8 to 12 hours (maximum: 300 mg/day).

Rectal [Canadian product]: 50 to 100 mg every 6 to 8 hours.

IM, IV: 50 mg every 4 to 6 hours (Ref).

Dosage adjustment for concomitant therapy: Significant drug interactions exist, requiring dose/frequency adjustment or avoidance. Consult drug interactions database for more information.

Dosing: Kidney Impairment: Adult

The renal dosing recommendations are based upon the best available evidence and clinical expertise. Senior Editorial Team: Bruce Mueller, PharmD, FCCP, FASN, FNKF; Jason A. Roberts, PhD, BPharm (Hons), B App Sc, FSHP, FISAC; Michael Heung, MD, MS.

Note: There are no data describing dimenhydrinate pharmacokinetics in kidney impairment; the following recommendations are based upon limited pharmacokinetic data described only in patients with normal kidney function receiving dimenhydrinate or diphenhydramine (diphenhydramine is produced from dimenhydrinate) (Ref).

Altered kidney function: IM, IV, Oral, Rectal: No dosage adjustment necessary for any degree of kidney impairment (Ref).

Augmented renal clearance (measured urinary CrCl ≥130 mL/minute/1.73 m2): Augmented renal clearance (ARC) is a condition that occurs in certain critically ill patients without organ dysfunction and with normal serum creatinine concentrations. Younger patients (<55 years of age) admitted post trauma or major surgery are at highest risk for ARC, as well as those with sepsis, burns, or hematologic malignancies. An 8- to 24-hour measured urinary CrCl is necessary to identify these patients (Ref).

IM, IV, Oral, Rectal: No dosage adjustment necessary (Ref).

Hemodialysis, intermittent (thrice weekly): Unlikely to be significantly dialyzable (large Vd, high protein binding): IM, IV, Oral, Rectal: No dosage adjustment necessary (Ref).

Peritoneal dialysis: Unlikely to be significantly dialyzable (large Vd, high protein binding): IM, IV, Oral, Rectal: No dosage adjustment necessary (Ref).

CRRT: IM, IV, Oral, Rectal: No dosage adjustment necessary (Ref).

PIRRT (eg, sustained, low-efficiency diafiltration): IM, IV, Oral, Rectal: No dosage adjustment necessary (Ref).

Dosing: Liver Impairment: Adult

There are no dosage adjustments provided in the manufacturer's labeling; use with caution.

Dosing: Older Adult

Avoid use (Ref).

Dosing: Pediatric

(For additional information see "Dimenhydrinate: Pediatric drug information")

Motion sickness, nausea/vomiting, or vertigo, prophylaxis

Motion sickness, nausea/vomiting, or vertigo, prophylaxis:

Oral products:

Fixed dose: Administer initial dose 30 to 60 minutes before travel/activity

Children ≥2 to <6 years: Oral: 12.5 to 25 mg every 6 to 8 hours; maximum daily dose: 75 mg/24 hours

Children ≥6 years to <12 years: Oral: 25 to 50 mg every 6 to 8 hours; maximum daily dose: 150 mg/24 hours

Children ≥12 years and Adolescents: Oral: 50 to 100 mg every 4 to 6 hours; maximum daily dose: 400 mg/24 hours

Weight-based dosing: Children 2 to 12 years: Oral: Limited data available: 1 to 1.5 mg/kg/dose every 6 hours; maximum dose: 25 mg/dose. First dose should be administered 60 minutes prior to travel (Ref).

Parenteral products: IM:

Weight-based dosing: Infants, Children, and Adolescents: IM: 1.25 mg/kg/dose 4 times daily; maximum daily dose: 300 mg/day

BSA-based dosing: Infants, Children, and Adolescents: IM: 37.5 mg/m2/dose 4 times daily; maximum daily dose: 300 mg/day

Canadian labeling: Rectal suppository [Canadian product]:

Children 2 to ≤5 years: Rectal: 12.5 mg to 25 mg once; if more doses needed, contact health care provider

Children 6 to 7 years: Rectal: 12.5 to 25 mg every 8 to 12 hours as needed

Children 8 to 11 years: Rectal: 25 to 50 mg every 8 to 12 hours as needed

Children ≥12 years and Adolescents: Rectal: 50 mg every 8 to 12 hours as needed

Postoperative nausea and vomiting

Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV): Limited data available:

Prevention: Infants, Children, and Adolescents: IV: 0.5 mg/kg/dose; maximum dose: 25 mg/dose (Ref)

Treatment:

Weight-directed: Infants, Children, and Adolescents: IV: 0.5 mg/kg/dose; maximum dose: 25 mg/dose; for treatment of PONV, use only if prophylaxis fails and dimenhydrinate is from a different pharmacologic class than prophylactic drug (Ref)

Fixed dose (Ref):

Children 6 to 7 years: IM, IV: 15 to 25 mg two or three times daily

Children 8 to 12 years: IM, IV: 25 to 50 mg two or three times daily

Children ≥12 years and Adolescents: IM, IV: 50 mg two or three times daily

Dosage adjustment for concomitant therapy: Significant drug interactions exist, requiring dose/frequency adjustment or avoidance. Consult drug interactions database for more information.

Dosing: Kidney Impairment: Pediatric

There are no dosage adjustments provided in the manufacturer's labeling.

Dosing: Liver Impairment: Pediatric

There are no dosage adjustments provided in the manufacturer's labeling; use with caution.

Adverse Reactions

The following adverse drug reactions and incidences are derived from product labeling unless otherwise specified. Frequency not defined.

Cardiovascular: Tachycardia

Central nervous system: Dizziness, drowsiness, excitement, headache, insomnia, lassitude, nervousness, restlessness

Dermatologic: Skin rash

Gastrointestinal: Anorexia, epigastric distress, nausea, xerostomia

Genitourinary: Dysuria

Ophthalmic: Blurred vision

Respiratory: Thickening of bronchial secretions

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to dimenhydrinate or any component of the formulation; neonates (injection contains benzyl alcohol)

Canadian labeling: Additional contraindications (not in US labeling): Hypersensitivity to dimenhydrinate, its components (diphenhydramine or 8-chlorotheophylline) or any component of the formulation; concurrent use of or use within 14 days following therapy with a monoamine oxidase inhibitor; narrow angle glaucoma; chronic pulmonary disease; prostatic hypertrophy; patients <2 years of age

Significant drug interactions exist, requiring dose/frequency adjustment or avoidance. Consult drug interactions database for more information.

Warnings/Precautions

Concerns related to adverse effects:

• CNS depression: May cause CNS depression, which may impair physical or mental abilities; patients must be cautioned about performing tasks which require mental alertness (eg, operating machinery or driving). Other CNS effects which may be observed, particularly at higher dosages include euphoria, hallucinations, confusion, temporary amnesia and paranoia.

• Dermatologic reactions: Rare cases of serious skin reactions (eg, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, erythema multiforme) have been reported.

Disease-related concerns:

• Cardiovascular disease: Use with caution in patients with cardiovascular disease (including arrhythmias, hypertension and ischemic heart disease).

• Hepatic impairment: Use with caution in patients with hepatic impairment.

• Increased intraocular pressure/glaucoma: Use with caution in patients with increased intraocular pressure or angle-closure glaucoma.

• Prostatic hyperplasia/urinary obstruction: Use with caution in patients with prostatic hyperplasia and/or GU obstruction.

• Pyloroduodenal obstruction: Use with caution in patients with pyloroduodenal obstruction (including stenotic peptic ulcer).

• Respiratory disease: Use with caution in patients with a history of asthma or lower respiratory tract symptoms.

• Seizures: Use with caution in patients with seizure disorders.

• Thyroid dysfunction: Use with caution in patients with thyroid dysfunction.

Concurrent drug therapy issues:

• Antibiotics: Use caution if used in conjunction with antibiotics that have the potential to cause ototoxicity. Dimenhydrinate may mask symptoms of ototoxicity.

Special populations:

• Older adult: Use with caution in older adults; may be more sensitive to adverse effects.

• Pediatric: Antihistamines may cause excitation in young children. Not for OTC use in children <2 years of age.

Dosage form specific issues:

• Benzyl alcohol and derivatives: Some dosage forms may contain sodium benzoate/benzoic acid; benzoic acid (benzoate) is a metabolite of benzyl alcohol; large amounts of benzyl alcohol (≥99 mg/kg/day) have been associated with a potentially fatal toxicity ("gasping syndrome") in neonates; the "gasping syndrome" consists of metabolic acidosis, respiratory distress, gasping respirations, CNS dysfunction (including convulsions, intracranial hemorrhage), hypotension and cardiovascular collapse (AAP 1997; CDC 1982); some data suggests that benzoate displaces bilirubin from protein binding sites (Ahlfors 2001); avoid or use dosage forms containing benzyl alcohol derivative with caution in neonates. See manufacturer's labeling.

• Parenteral formulations: Do not inject intra-arterially.

• Phenylalanine: Some products may contain phenylalanine.

• Polysorbate 80: Some dosage forms may contain polysorbate 80 (also known as Tweens). Hypersensitivity reactions, usually a delayed reaction, have been reported following exposure to pharmaceutical products containing polysorbate 80 in certain individuals (Isaksson 2002; Lucente 2000; Shelley 1995). Thrombocytopenia, ascites, pulmonary deterioration, and renal and hepatic failure have been reported in premature neonates after receiving parenteral products containing polysorbate 80 (Alade 1986; CDC 1984). See manufacturer's labeling.

• Propylene glycol: Some dosage forms may contain propylene glycol; large amounts are potentially toxic and have been associated with hyperosmolality, lactic acidosis, seizures and respiratory depression; use caution (AAP 1997; Zar 2007). See manufacturer's labeling.

Other warnings/precautions:

• Abuse/withdrawal: Has abuse potential due to its hallucinogenic and euphoric effects; discontinuation after chronic abuse may lead to withdrawal symptoms (eg, lethargy, agitation, hostility, hallucinations, confusion, aggression, nausea/vomiting).

Warnings: Additional Pediatric Considerations

Some dosage forms may contain propylene glycol; in neonates large amounts of propylene glycol delivered orally, intravenously (eg, >3,000 mg/day), or topically have been associated with potentially fatal toxicities which can include metabolic acidosis, seizures, renal failure, and CNS depression; toxicities have also been reported in children and adults including hyperosmolality, lactic acidosis, seizures, and respiratory depression; use caution (AAP 1997; Shehab 2009).

Dosage Forms: US

Excipient information presented when available (limited, particularly for generics); consult specific product labeling. [DSC] = Discontinued product

Solution, Injection:

Generic: 50 mg/mL (1 mL)

Tablet, Oral:

Dramamine: 50 mg

Driminate: 50 mg

Driminate: 50 mg [scored]

GoodSense Motion Sickness: 50 mg [DSC] [scored]

Tablet Chewable, Oral:

Dramamine: 50 mg

Generic Equivalent Available: US

May be product dependent

Pricing: US

Solution (dimenhyDRINATE Injection)

50 mg/mL (per mL): $15.77

Tablets (Driminate Oral)

50 mg (per each): $0.08

Disclaimer: A representative AWP (Average Wholesale Price) price or price range is provided as reference price only. A range is provided when more than one manufacturer's AWP price is available and uses the low and high price reported by the manufacturers to determine the range. The pricing data should be used for benchmarking purposes only, and as such should not be used alone to set or adjudicate any prices for reimbursement or purchasing functions or considered to be an exact price for a single product and/or manufacturer. Medi-Span expressly disclaims all warranties of any kind or nature, whether express or implied, and assumes no liability with respect to accuracy of price or price range data published in its solutions. In no event shall Medi-Span be liable for special, indirect, incidental, or consequential damages arising from use of price or price range data. Pricing data is updated monthly.

Dosage Forms: Canada

Excipient information presented when available (limited, particularly for generics); consult specific product labeling.

Solution, Injection:

Gravol: 50 mg/mL (1 mL, 5 mL)

Generic: 10 mg/mL (5 mL); 50 mg/mL (1 mL, 5 mL)

Suppository, Rectal:

Gravol Comfort Shaped Suppository: 100 mg

Gravol Kids Comfort Shaped Suppository: 25 mg

Administration: Adult

Oral: To prevent motion sickness, administer 30 to 60 minutes prior to exposure.

Solution for injection:

IM: Administer undiluted

IV: Dilute and inject over 2 minutes. When using for pregnancy-associated nausea and vomiting, administer dose (diluted in 50 mL of normal saline) over 20 minutes (Ref).

Rectal suppository [Canadian product]: To prevent motion sickness, nausea/vomiting, or vertigo, administer 30 minutes prior to event.

Administration: Pediatric

Oral: Motion sickness: Administer 30 to 60 minutes before travel/activity that causes motion sickness

Parenteral:

IM: Administer undiluted

IV: Although not recommended (per manufacturer), may further dilute and administer IV over 2 minutes; do not inject intra-arterially (Ref)

Rectal: Rectal suppository [Canadian product]: Children ≥2 years and Adolescents: Remove outer wrapper and smooth any edges (for comfort); may need to cut suppository to achieve appropriate dose. To prevent motion sickness, nausea/vomiting, or vertigo, administer 30 minutes prior to event.

Use: Labeled Indications

US labeling: Motion sickness: Treatment and prevention of nausea, vertigo, and vomiting associated with motion sickness.

Canadian labeling: Nausea, vomiting and/or vertigo: Treatment and prevention of nausea, vomiting and/or vertigo associated with motion sickness, radiation sickness, postoperative recovery, use of other drugs, Ménière disease and other labyrinthine disturbances.

Use: Off-Label: Adult

Nausea and vomiting, pregnancy-associated, severe or refractory; Vertigo, acute episodes

Medication Safety Issues
Sound-alike/look-alike issues:

DimenhyDRINATE may be confused with diphenhydrAMINE

Dramamine (dimenhydrinate) may be confused with Dramamine (ginger root), Dramamine (meclizine)

Older Adult: High-Risk Medication:

Beers Criteria: Dimenhydrinate, a first-generation antihistamine, is identified in the Beers Criteria as a potentially inappropriate medication to be avoided in patients 65 years and older (independent of diagnosis or condition) due to its potent anticholinergic properties resulting in increased risk of confusion, dry mouth, constipation, and other anticholinergic effects or toxicity; use should also be avoided due to reduced clearance with advanced age and tolerance associated with use as a hypnotic. Exposure to concurrent anticholinergic drugs also increases risk of falls, delirium, and dementia; consider total anticholinergic burden when conducting medication reviews (Beers Criteria [AGS 2023]).

Metabolism/Transport Effects

None known.

Drug Interactions

Note: Interacting drugs may not be individually listed below if they are part of a group interaction (eg, individual drugs within “CYP3A4 Inducers [Strong]” are NOT listed). For a complete list of drug interactions by individual drug name and detailed management recommendations, use the drug interactions program by clicking on the “Launch drug interactions program” link above.

Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors: May decrease therapeutic effects of Agents with Clinically Relevant Anticholinergic Effects. Agents with Clinically Relevant Anticholinergic Effects may decrease therapeutic effects of Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors. Risk C: Monitor

Aclidinium: May increase anticholinergic effects of Agents with Clinically Relevant Anticholinergic Effects. Risk X: Avoid

Acrivastine: May increase anticholinergic effects of Agents with Clinically Relevant Anticholinergic Effects. Risk C: Monitor

Acrivastine: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Alcohol (Ethyl): CNS Depressants may increase CNS depressant effects of Alcohol (Ethyl). Risk C: Monitor

Alizapride: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Amantadine: May increase anticholinergic effects of Agents with Clinically Relevant Anticholinergic Effects. Risk C: Monitor

Amezinium: Antihistamines may increase stimulatory effects of Amezinium. Risk C: Monitor

Amisulpride (Oral): May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Articaine: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Management: Consider reducing the dose of articaine if possible when used in patients who are also receiving CNS depressants. Monitor for excessive CNS depressant effects with any combined use. Risk D: Consider Therapy Modification

Azelastine (Nasal): May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk X: Avoid

Benperidol: Agents with Clinically Relevant Anticholinergic Effects may decrease therapeutic effects of Benperidol. Risk C: Monitor

Benperidol: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Benztropine: Agents with Clinically Relevant Anticholinergic Effects may increase anticholinergic effects of Benztropine. Risk C: Monitor

Benzylpenicilloyl Polylysine: Coadministration of Antihistamines and Benzylpenicilloyl Polylysine may alter diagnostic results. Management: Suspend systemic H1 antagonists for benzylpenicilloyl-polylysine skin testing and delay testing until systemic antihistaminic effects have dissipated. A histamine skin test may be used to assess persistent antihistaminic effects. Risk D: Consider Therapy Modification

Betahistine: Antihistamines may decrease therapeutic effects of Betahistine. Betahistine may decrease therapeutic effects of Antihistamines. Risk C: Monitor

Biperiden: Agents with Clinically Relevant Anticholinergic Effects may increase anticholinergic effects of Biperiden. Risk C: Monitor

Blonanserin: CNS Depressants may increase CNS depressant effects of Blonanserin. Management: Use caution if coadministering blonanserin and CNS depressants; dose reduction of the other CNS depressant may be required. Strong CNS depressants should not be coadministered with blonanserin. Risk D: Consider Therapy Modification

Bornaprine: Agents with Clinically Relevant Anticholinergic Effects may increase anticholinergic effects of Bornaprine. Risk C: Monitor

Botulinum Toxin-Containing Products: May increase anticholinergic effects of Agents with Clinically Relevant Anticholinergic Effects. Risk C: Monitor

Brexanolone: CNS Depressants may increase CNS depressant effects of Brexanolone. Risk C: Monitor

Brimonidine (Topical): May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Bromopride: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Bromperidol: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk X: Avoid

Buclizine: Agents with Clinically Relevant Anticholinergic Effects may increase anticholinergic effects of Buclizine. Risk C: Monitor

Buclizine: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Buprenorphine: CNS Depressants may increase CNS depressant effects of Buprenorphine. Management: Consider reduced doses of other CNS depressants, and avoiding such drugs in patients at high risk of buprenorphine overuse/self-injection. Initiate buprenorphine at lower doses in patients already receiving CNS depressants. Risk D: Consider Therapy Modification

BusPIRone: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Cannabinoid-Containing Products: Agents with Clinically Relevant Anticholinergic Effects may increase tachycardic effects of Cannabinoid-Containing Products. Risk C: Monitor

Cannabinoid-Containing Products: CNS Depressants may increase CNS depressant effects of Cannabinoid-Containing Products. Risk C: Monitor

Certoparin: Antihistamines may increase therapeutic effects of Certoparin. Risk C: Monitor

Cetirizine (Systemic): May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Management: Consider avoiding this combination if possible. If required, monitor for excessive sedation or CNS depression, limit the dose and duration of combination therapy, and consider CNS depressant dose reductions. Risk D: Consider Therapy Modification

Chloral Hydrate/Chloral Betaine: CNS Depressants may increase CNS depressant effects of Chloral Hydrate/Chloral Betaine. Management: Consider alternatives to the use of chloral hydrate or chloral betaine and additional CNS depressants. If combined, consider a dose reduction of either agent and monitor closely for enhanced CNS depressive effects. Risk D: Consider Therapy Modification

Chlormethiazole: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Management: Monitor closely for evidence of excessive CNS depression. The chlormethiazole labeling states that an appropriately reduced dose should be used if such a combination must be used. Risk D: Consider Therapy Modification

Chlorphenesin Carbamate: May increase adverse/toxic effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Chlorprothixene: Agents with Clinically Relevant Anticholinergic Effects may increase anticholinergic effects of Chlorprothixene. Risk C: Monitor

Cimetropium: Agents with Clinically Relevant Anticholinergic Effects may increase anticholinergic effects of Cimetropium. Risk X: Avoid

CloZAPine: Agents with Clinically Relevant Anticholinergic Effects may increase constipating effects of CloZAPine. Management: Consider alternatives to this combination whenever possible. If combined, monitor closely for signs and symptoms of gastrointestinal hypomotility and consider prophylactic laxative treatment. Risk D: Consider Therapy Modification

CNS Depressants: May increase adverse/toxic effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Cyclizine: May increase anticholinergic effects of Agents with Clinically Relevant Anticholinergic Effects. Risk C: Monitor

Dantrolene: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Daridorexant: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Management: Dose reduction of daridorexant and/or any other CNS depressant may be necessary. Use of daridorexant with alcohol is not recommended, and the use of daridorexant with any other drug to treat insomnia is not recommended. Risk D: Consider Therapy Modification

Darifenacin: Agents with Clinically Relevant Anticholinergic Effects may increase anticholinergic effects of Darifenacin. Risk C: Monitor

DexmedeTOMIDine: CNS Depressants may increase CNS depressant effects of DexmedeTOMIDine. Management: Monitor for increased CNS depression during coadministration of dexmedetomidine and CNS depressants, and consider dose reductions of either agent to avoid excessive CNS depression. Risk D: Consider Therapy Modification

Dicyclomine: Agents with Clinically Relevant Anticholinergic Effects may increase anticholinergic effects of Dicyclomine. Risk C: Monitor

Difelikefalin: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Difenoxin: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Dihydralazine: CNS Depressants may increase hypotensive effects of Dihydralazine. Risk C: Monitor

Dimethindene (Systemic): Agents with Clinically Relevant Anticholinergic Effects may increase anticholinergic effects of Dimethindene (Systemic). Risk C: Monitor

Dimethindene (Topical): May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Dothiepin: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Doxylamine: CNS Depressants may increase CNS depressant effects of Doxylamine. Risk C: Monitor

DroNABinol: Agents with Clinically Relevant Anticholinergic Effects may increase tachycardic effects of DroNABinol. Risk X: Avoid

DroPERidol: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Management: Consider dose reductions of droperidol or of other CNS agents (eg, opioids, barbiturates) with concomitant use. Risk D: Consider Therapy Modification

Eluxadoline: Agents with Clinically Relevant Anticholinergic Effects may increase constipating effects of Eluxadoline. Risk X: Avoid

Emedastine (Systemic): May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Management: Consider avoiding this combination if possible. If required, monitor for excessive sedation or CNS depression, limit the dose and duration of combination therapy, and consider CNS depressant dose reductions. Risk C: Monitor

Entacapone: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Esketamine (Nasal): May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Fesoterodine: Agents with Clinically Relevant Anticholinergic Effects may increase anticholinergic effects of Fesoterodine. Risk C: Monitor

Flunarizine: CNS Depressants may increase CNS depressant effects of Flunarizine. Risk X: Avoid

Flunitrazepam: CNS Depressants may increase CNS depressant effects of Flunitrazepam. Management: Reduce the dose of CNS depressants when combined with flunitrazepam and monitor patients for evidence of CNS depression (eg, sedation, respiratory depression). Use non-CNS depressant alternatives when available. Risk D: Consider Therapy Modification

FluPHENAZine: May increase anticholinergic effects of Agents with Clinically Relevant Anticholinergic Effects. Risk C: Monitor

Gastrointestinal Agents (Prokinetic): Agents with Clinically Relevant Anticholinergic Effects may decrease therapeutic effects of Gastrointestinal Agents (Prokinetic). Risk C: Monitor

Gepotidacin: May decrease anticholinergic effects of Agents with Clinically Relevant Anticholinergic Effects. Risk C: Monitor

Glucagon: Agents with Clinically Relevant Anticholinergic Effects may increase adverse/toxic effects of Glucagon. Specifically, the risk of gastrointestinal adverse effects may be increased. Risk C: Monitor

Glycopyrrolate (Oral Inhalation): Agents with Clinically Relevant Anticholinergic Effects may increase anticholinergic effects of Glycopyrrolate (Oral Inhalation). Risk X: Avoid

Glycopyrrolate (Systemic): Agents with Clinically Relevant Anticholinergic Effects may increase anticholinergic effects of Glycopyrrolate (Systemic). Risk C: Monitor

Glycopyrronium (Topical): May increase anticholinergic effects of Agents with Clinically Relevant Anticholinergic Effects. Risk X: Avoid

Hyaluronidase: Antihistamines may decrease therapeutic effects of Hyaluronidase. Risk C: Monitor

HydrOXYzine: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Management: Consider a decrease in the CNS depressant dose, as appropriate, when used together with hydroxyzine. Increase monitoring of signs/symptoms of CNS depression in any patient receiving hydroxyzine together with another CNS depressant. Risk D: Consider Therapy Modification

Ipratropium (Nasal): May increase anticholinergic effects of Agents with Clinically Relevant Anticholinergic Effects. Risk C: Monitor

Ipratropium (Oral Inhalation): May increase anticholinergic effects of Agents with Clinically Relevant Anticholinergic Effects. Risk X: Avoid

Itopride: Agents with Clinically Relevant Anticholinergic Effects may decrease therapeutic effects of Itopride. Risk C: Monitor

Ixabepilone: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Kava Kava: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Ketotifen (Systemic): May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Kratom: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk X: Avoid

Lemborexant: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Management: Dosage adjustments of lemborexant and of concomitant CNS depressants may be necessary when administered together because of potentially additive CNS depressant effects. Close monitoring for CNS depressant effects is necessary. Risk D: Consider Therapy Modification

Levocetirizine: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Levosulpiride: Agents with Clinically Relevant Anticholinergic Effects may decrease therapeutic effects of Levosulpiride. Risk X: Avoid

Lisuride: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Lofepramine: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Lofexidine: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Loxapine: CNS Depressants may increase CNS depressant effects of Loxapine. Management: Consider reducing the dose of CNS depressants administered concomitantly with loxapine due to an increased risk of respiratory depression, sedation, hypotension, and syncope. Risk D: Consider Therapy Modification

Magnesium Sulfate: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Maprotiline: Agents with Clinically Relevant Anticholinergic Effects may increase anticholinergic effects of Maprotiline. Risk C: Monitor

Melitracen [INT]: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Melperone: May increase anticholinergic effects of Agents with Clinically Relevant Anticholinergic Effects. Risk C: Monitor

Mequitazine: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Metergoline: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Methotrimeprazine: CNS Depressants may increase CNS depressant effects of Methotrimeprazine. Methotrimeprazine may increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Management: Reduce the usual dose of CNS depressants by 50% if starting methotrimeprazine until the dose of methotrimeprazine is stable. Monitor patient closely for evidence of CNS depression. Risk D: Consider Therapy Modification

Methoxyflurane: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Methscopolamine: Agents with Clinically Relevant Anticholinergic Effects may increase anticholinergic effects of Methscopolamine. Risk C: Monitor

Metoclopramide: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

MetyroSINE: CNS Depressants may increase sedative effects of MetyroSINE. Risk C: Monitor

Minocycline (Systemic): May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Mirabegron: Agents with Clinically Relevant Anticholinergic Effects may increase adverse/toxic effects of Mirabegron. Risk C: Monitor

Moxonidine: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Nabilone: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk X: Avoid

Nalfurafine: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Nitroglycerin: Agents with Clinically Relevant Anticholinergic Effects may decrease absorption of Nitroglycerin. Specifically, anticholinergic agents may decrease the dissolution of sublingual nitroglycerin tablets, possibly impairing or slowing nitroglycerin absorption. Risk C: Monitor

Noscapine: CNS Depressants may increase adverse/toxic effects of Noscapine. Risk X: Avoid

OLANZapine: Agents with Clinically Relevant Anticholinergic Effects may increase anticholinergic effects of OLANZapine. Risk C: Monitor

Olopatadine (Nasal): May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk X: Avoid

Opicapone: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Opioid Agonists: CNS Depressants may increase CNS depressant effects of Opioid Agonists. Management: Avoid concomitant use of opioid agonists and benzodiazepines or other CNS depressants when possible. These agents should only be combined if alternative treatment options are inadequate. If combined, limit the dosages and duration of each drug. Risk D: Consider Therapy Modification

Opipramol: May increase anticholinergic effects of Agents with Clinically Relevant Anticholinergic Effects. Risk C: Monitor

Opipramol: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Orphenadrine: CNS Depressants may increase CNS depressant effects of Orphenadrine. Risk X: Avoid

Oxatomide: May increase anticholinergic effects of Agents with Clinically Relevant Anticholinergic Effects. Risk X: Avoid

Oxomemazine: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk X: Avoid

Oxybate Salt Products: CNS Depressants may increase CNS depressant effects of Oxybate Salt Products. Management: Consider alternatives to this combination when possible. If combined, dose reduction or discontinuation of one or more CNS depressants (including the oxybate salt product) should be considered. Interrupt oxybate salt treatment during short-term opioid use Risk D: Consider Therapy Modification

OxyBUTYnin: Agents with Clinically Relevant Anticholinergic Effects may increase anticholinergic effects of OxyBUTYnin. Risk C: Monitor

OxyCODONE: CNS Depressants may increase CNS depressant effects of OxyCODONE. Management: Avoid concomitant use of oxycodone and benzodiazepines or other CNS depressants when possible. These agents should only be combined if alternative treatment options are inadequate. If combined, limit the dosages and duration of each drug. Risk D: Consider Therapy Modification

Paliperidone: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Paraldehyde: CNS Depressants may increase CNS depressant effects of Paraldehyde. Risk X: Avoid

Perampanel: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Perazine: May increase anticholinergic effects of Agents with Clinically Relevant Anticholinergic Effects. Risk C: Monitor

Periciazine: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Perphenazine: Agents with Clinically Relevant Anticholinergic Effects may increase anticholinergic effects of Perphenazine. Risk C: Monitor

Pipamperone: May increase adverse/toxic effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Piribedil: CNS Depressants may increase CNS depressant effects of Piribedil. Risk C: Monitor

Pitolisant: Antihistamines may decrease therapeutic effects of Pitolisant. Risk X: Avoid

Pizotifen: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Potassium Chloride: Agents with Clinically Relevant Anticholinergic Effects may increase ulcerogenic effects of Potassium Chloride. Management: Patients on drugs with substantial anticholinergic effects should avoid using any solid oral dosage form of potassium chloride. Risk X: Avoid

Potassium Citrate: Agents with Clinically Relevant Anticholinergic Effects may increase ulcerogenic effects of Potassium Citrate. Management: Patients on drugs with substantial anticholinergic effects should avoid using any solid oral dosage form of potassium citrate. Risk X: Avoid

Pramipexole: CNS Depressants may increase sedative effects of Pramipexole. Risk C: Monitor

Pramlintide: May increase anticholinergic effects of Agents with Clinically Relevant Anticholinergic Effects. These effects are specific to the GI tract. Risk X: Avoid

Procarbazine: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Promethazine: Agents with Clinically Relevant Anticholinergic Effects may increase anticholinergic effects of Promethazine. Risk C: Monitor

Propantheline: Agents with Clinically Relevant Anticholinergic Effects may increase anticholinergic effects of Propantheline. Risk C: Monitor

Propiverine: May increase anticholinergic effects of Agents with Clinically Relevant Anticholinergic Effects. Risk C: Monitor

QuiNIDine: May increase anticholinergic effects of Agents with Clinically Relevant Anticholinergic Effects. Risk C: Monitor

Ramosetron: Agents with Clinically Relevant Anticholinergic Effects may increase constipating effects of Ramosetron. Risk C: Monitor

Revefenacin: Agents with Clinically Relevant Anticholinergic Effects may increase anticholinergic effects of Revefenacin. Risk X: Avoid

Rilmenidine: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Rivastigmine: Agents with Clinically Relevant Anticholinergic Effects may decrease therapeutic effects of Rivastigmine. Rivastigmine may decrease therapeutic effects of Agents with Clinically Relevant Anticholinergic Effects. Management: Use of rivastigmine with an anticholinergic agent is not recommended unless clinically necessary. If the combination is necessary, monitor for reduced anticholinergic effects. Risk D: Consider Therapy Modification

Ropeginterferon Alfa-2b: CNS Depressants may increase adverse/toxic effects of Ropeginterferon Alfa-2b. Specifically, the risk of neuropsychiatric adverse effects may be increased. Management: Avoid coadministration of ropeginterferon alfa-2b and other CNS depressants. If this combination cannot be avoided, monitor patients for neuropsychiatric adverse effects (eg, depression, suicidal ideation, aggression, mania). Risk D: Consider Therapy Modification

ROPINIRole: CNS Depressants may increase sedative effects of ROPINIRole. Risk C: Monitor

Rotigotine: CNS Depressants may increase sedative effects of Rotigotine. Risk C: Monitor

Scopolamine: Agents with Clinically Relevant Anticholinergic Effects may increase anticholinergic effects of Scopolamine. Risk C: Monitor

Secretin: Agents with Clinically Relevant Anticholinergic Effects may decrease therapeutic effects of Secretin. Management: Avoid concomitant use of anticholinergic agents and secretin. Discontinue anticholinergic agents at least 5 half-lives prior to administration of secretin. Risk D: Consider Therapy Modification

Sofpironium: Agents with Clinically Relevant Anticholinergic Effects may increase anticholinergic effects of Sofpironium. Risk X: Avoid

Suvorexant: CNS Depressants may increase CNS depressant effects of Suvorexant. Management: Dose reduction of suvorexant and/or any other CNS depressant may be necessary. Use of suvorexant with alcohol is not recommended, and the use of suvorexant with any other drug to treat insomnia is not recommended. Risk D: Consider Therapy Modification

Thalidomide: CNS Depressants may increase CNS depressant effects of Thalidomide. Risk X: Avoid

Thiazide and Thiazide-Like Diuretics: Agents with Clinically Relevant Anticholinergic Effects may increase serum concentration of Thiazide and Thiazide-Like Diuretics. Risk C: Monitor

Thiothixene: Agents with Clinically Relevant Anticholinergic Effects may increase anticholinergic effects of Thiothixene. Risk C: Monitor

Tiapride: Agents with Clinically Relevant Anticholinergic Effects may decrease therapeutic effects of Tiapride. Risk C: Monitor

Tiotropium: Agents with Clinically Relevant Anticholinergic Effects may increase anticholinergic effects of Tiotropium. Risk X: Avoid

Tolterodine: Agents with Clinically Relevant Anticholinergic Effects may increase anticholinergic effects of Tolterodine. Risk C: Monitor

Topiramate: Agents with Clinically Relevant Anticholinergic Effects may increase adverse/toxic effects of Topiramate. Risk C: Monitor

Tranylcypromine: May increase anticholinergic effects of Antihistamines, First Generation. Risk X: Avoid

Tricyclic Antidepressants: Agents with Clinically Relevant Anticholinergic Effects may increase anticholinergic effects of Tricyclic Antidepressants. Risk C: Monitor

Trimeprazine: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Trimethobenzamide: Agents with Clinically Relevant Anticholinergic Effects may increase anticholinergic effects of Trimethobenzamide. Risk C: Monitor

Trospium: Agents with Clinically Relevant Anticholinergic Effects may increase anticholinergic effects of Trospium. Risk C: Monitor

Umeclidinium: May increase anticholinergic effects of Agents with Clinically Relevant Anticholinergic Effects. Risk X: Avoid

Valerian: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Zolpidem: CNS Depressants may increase CNS depressant effects of Zolpidem. Management: Reduce the Intermezzo brand sublingual zolpidem adult dose to 1.75 mg for men who are also receiving other CNS depressants. No such dose change is recommended for women. Avoid use with other CNS depressants at bedtime; avoid use with alcohol. Risk D: Consider Therapy Modification

Zuclopenthixol: Agents with Clinically Relevant Anticholinergic Effects may increase anticholinergic effects of Zuclopenthixol. Risk C: Monitor

Zuranolone: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Management: Consider alternatives to the use of zuranolone with other CNS depressants or alcohol. If combined, consider a zuranolone dose reduction and monitor patients closely for increased CNS depressant effects. Risk D: Consider Therapy Modification

Pregnancy Considerations

Dimenhydrinate crosses the placenta. The risk of fetal abnormalities was not increased following maternal use of dimenhydrinate during any trimester of pregnancy.

Dimenhydrinate may be used for the adjunctive treatment of pregnancy-associated nausea and vomiting (ACOG 2018; SOGC [Campbell 2016]). Dimenhydrinate may have an oxytocic effect if used during labor.

Breastfeeding Considerations

Dimenhydrinate is present in breast milk.

Drowsiness and irritability have been reported in breastfed infants exposed to antihistamines; of these effects, irritability was reported in one infant exposed to dimenhydrinate (Ito 1993). The manufacturer recommends that the decision to continue or discontinue breastfeeding during therapy should take into account the risk of exposure to the infant and the benefits of treatment to the mother. In general, if a breastfed infant is exposed to a first generation antihistamine via breast milk, they should be monitored for irritability or drowsiness (Butler 2014).

Antihistamines may decrease maternal serum prolactin concentrations when administered prior to the establishment of lactation (Messinis 1985).

Dietary Considerations

Tablets may be taken with food or water. Some products may contain phenylalanine.

Mechanism of Action

Competes with histamine for H1-receptor sites on effector cells in the gastrointestinal tract, blood vessels, and respiratory tract; blocks chemoreceptor trigger zone, diminishes vestibular stimulation, and depresses labyrinthine function through its central anticholinergic activity

Pharmacokinetics (Adult Data Unless Noted)

Note: Dimenhydrinate is a salt of two drugs: Diphenhydramine (53% to 55.5%) and 8-chlorotheophylline (44% to 47%). Refer to DiphenhydrAMINE (Systemic) monograph.

Onset of action: Antiemetic: IV: immediate; IM: 20 to 30 minutes; Oral: 15 to 30 minutes (Gravol Canadian labeling 2016).

Duration: Oral: 4 to 6 hours (Gravol Canadian labeling 2016).

Absorption: Well absorbed.

Distribution: Oral: 3 to 4 L/kg (Gravol Canadian labeling 2016).

Protein binding: Oral: 70% to 85% (Gravol Canadian labeling 2016).

Metabolism: Extensive in the liver to metabolites (diphenyl-methoxy-ethylamine, diphenyl-methoxy-acetic, diphenyl-methoxy-N-methylamine) (Gravol Canadian labeling 2016).

Half-life elimination: Oral: 5 to 8 hours (Gravol Canadian labeling 2016).

Excretion: Renal (Gravol Canadian labeling 2016).

Brand Names: International
International Brand Names by Country
For country code abbreviations (show table)

  • (AE) United Arab Emirates: Dizinil | Dramamine | Valontan;
  • (AR) Argentina: Agirax | Dr. amin | Dramamine | Vertigmine;
  • (AT) Austria: Emedyl | Vertirosan;
  • (AU) Australia: Dramamine;
  • (BE) Belgium: R calm dimenhydrinate | Vagomine;
  • (BG) Bulgaria: Dimenhydrinat;
  • (BR) Brazil: Dramin | Hemareg | Nausedrinato | Neodrin;
  • (CH) Switzerland: Dramamine;
  • (CL) Chile: Dramamine | Mareamin;
  • (CO) Colombia: Bonviaje | Dimenhidrinato | Dimenol | Dramamine | Mare off | Maremin | Mareol | Nausyvom | Nomare | Pasedol | Sinverty | Viajedol;
  • (CR) Costa Rica: Dramavol | Gravol | Nauseol;
  • (DE) Germany: Boxbergal | Dimen | Dimenhydrinat | Dimenhydrinat al | Dimenhydrinat Fair Med | Dimenhydrinat hameln | Dimenhydrinat panpharma | Dimenhydrinat rotexmedica | Docpelin | Docpelin reisetabs | Gib Dimenhydrinat | Hemovert | Reise tabletten | Reisefit | Reisegold gegen Reiseubelkeit | Reisetabletten | Reisetabletten al | Reisetabletten CT | Reisetabletten heumann | Rodavan s | Rubiemen | Sisnausan | Superpep | Vertigo Vomex S | Vomacur | Vomex a;
  • (DO) Dominican Republic: Dimenhidrinato | Dimenhidrinato Inmenol | Dimenin | Dramamine | Dramanol | Dramidom | Vomitral;
  • (EC) Ecuador: Anautin | Dimenhidrinato | Emetin | Mareol | Pasedol ecar;
  • (EG) Egypt: Dramamine | Dramenex;
  • (ES) Spain: Biodramina | Cinfamar | Normostop;
  • (FI) Finland: Amosyt | Dramamine;
  • (GB) United Kingdom: Gravol | Gravol phx;
  • (GR) Greece: Drimen | Vertirosan | Vomex a;
  • (HK) Hong Kong: Apo dimenhydrinate | Cinfamar | Conna-V | Dimenate | Euromenate | Garcol | Gravol | Gravolvick | Mendrinate | Neo-Diphenamine | Novomin | Setmenate | Trimin | U-Dimenate | Uni-Hydrin;
  • (HR) Croatia: Aviomarin | Dramina;
  • (HU) Hungary: Daedalon | Daedalonetta;
  • (ID) Indonesia: Dramamine | Omedrinat;
  • (IL) Israel: Travamin;
  • (IN) India: Diatrinate | Dimentral | Dramamine | Draminate | Gravol;
  • (IT) Italy: Novago | Valontan | Xamamina;
  • (JP) Japan: Airmit ace | Dramamine;
  • (KE) Kenya: Gravinate;
  • (KR) Korea, Republic of: Bonaring a | Rimenin;
  • (KW) Kuwait: Dizinil | Dramenex;
  • (LB) Lebanon: Apo dimenhydrinate | Dramamine | Gravol;
  • (LT) Lithuania: Aviomarin | Dimenhydrinat al | Reisetabletten al | Reisetabletten ratiopharm | Vomacur;
  • (LU) Luxembourg: Paranausine | Vagomine;
  • (LV) Latvia: Dimenhydrinat al | Driminat | Reise;
  • (MA) Morocco: Dramamine;
  • (MX) Mexico: Apo mina | Dimenhidrinato | Dramamine | Vomisin;
  • (MY) Malaysia: Apo dimenhydrinate | Bonaling a | Dimenate | Driminate | Dymenate | Medrinate | Novomin | Pridrinate | Setmenate;
  • (NO) Norway: Amosyt | Reisetabletten | Vomex a;
  • (PA) Panama: Dimenhidrinato;
  • (PE) Peru: Apo-Dimenhidrinato | Cinfamar | Davol | Dimenhidrinato | Dinemol | Divonal | Dramamine | Emegrav | Gometrin | Graminol | Gravamin | Gravavif | Gravax | Gravelox | Gravex | Gravicoll | Gravimar | Gravol | Gravoxim | Marevom | Mavol | Medravol | Naux | Nobhomyn | Premedic | Vodravol | Vomimed | Vomixtal | Voxamine | Zomix;
  • (PH) Philippines: Emes;
  • (PK) Pakistan: Devom | Divertigo | Drivol | Dymin | Emetox | Gravinate | Gravotin | Mavinate | Mendate;
  • (PR) Puerto Rico: Driminate;
  • (PT) Portugal: Dramamine | Draminal | Enjomin;
  • (QA) Qatar: Dizinil;
  • (RU) Russian Federation: Aviamarin | Ciel | Dramina | Siel;
  • (SA) Saudi Arabia: Dizinil | Valontan;
  • (SE) Sweden: Amosyt;
  • (SG) Singapore: Apo dimenhydrinate | Bonaling a | Dimenate | Medrinate | Novomin | Votmine;
  • (SI) Slovenia: Dramina;
  • (SK) Slovakia: Aviomarin | Travel gum;
  • (SR) Suriname: Apo dimenhydrinate | Apo mina | Gravinol | Novo dimenate;
  • (TH) Thailand: Daedalon | Denim | Dimen | Dimenate | Dimenine | Dimesian | Dimin | Dimonate | Dizzinate | Dramadon | Dramamine | Dramine | Draminox | Dymenate | Fesdra | Fob-ramine | Garmen | God-dimen | Gravol | K.b.dramine | Manodimen | Med-dramamine | Menate | Motivan | Nausamine | Navamine | Pharmamin | Travelax | Vomen | Vominar | Vominate;
  • (TN) Tunisia: Dramamine;
  • (TR) Turkey: Anti-Em;
  • (TW) Taiwan: Anwinto | Dimencoline | Doang | Dramamine | Enjomin | Furammine | Gravol | Incalm | Men-Incar | Parammine | Pawint | Penan | Trimin | Votmine | Yunbian;
  • (UA) Ukraine: Dramina;
  • (UG) Uganda: Gravinate;
  • (UY) Uruguay: Dramamine;
  • (VE) Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of: Dimenhidrinato | Viajesan;
  • (VN) Viet Nam: Antivomi | Bestrip | Hanodimenal | Naturimine | Phataumine | Vomina
  1. 2023 American Geriatrics Society Beers Criteria Update Expert Panel. American Geriatrics Society 2023 updated AGS Beers Criteria for potentially inappropriate medication use in older adults. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2023;71(7):2052-2081. doi:10.1111/jgs.18372 [PubMed 37139824]
  2. ACOG Committee on Practice Bulletins-Obstetrics. ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 189: Nausea and vomiting of pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol. 2018;131(1):e15-e30. doi:10.1097/AOG.0000000000002456 [PubMed 29266076]
  3. Ahlfors CE. Benzyl alcohol, kernicterus, and unbound bilirubin. J Pediatr. 2001;139(2):317-319. [PubMed 11487763]
  4. Alade SL, Brown RE, Paquet A. Polysorbate 80 and E-Ferol toxicity. Pediatrics. 1986;77(4):593-597. [PubMed 3960626]
  5. Albert KS, Hallmark MR, Sakmar E, Weidler DJ, Wagner JG. Pharmacokinetics of diphenhydramine in man. J Pharmacokinet Biopharm. 1975;3(3):159-170. doi:10.1007/BF01067905 [PubMed 1159620]
  6. Babaei AH, Foghaha MH. A randomized comparison of vitamin B6 and dimenhydrinate in the treatment of nausea and vomiting in early pregnancy. Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res. 2014;19(2):199-202. [PubMed 24834091]
  7. Basura GJ, Adams ME, Monfared A, et al. Clinical practice guideline: Ménière's disease. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2020;162(suppl 2):S1-S55. doi:10.1177/0194599820909438 [PubMed 32267799]
  8. Bhattacharyya N, Gubbels SP, Schwartz SR, et al. Clinical practice guideline: Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (update). Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2017;156(3)(suppl):S1-S47. doi: 10.1177/0194599816689667. [PubMed 28248609]
  9. Bilbao-Meseguer I, Rodríguez-Gascón A, Barrasa H, Isla A, Solinís MÁ. Augmented renal clearance in critically ill patients: a systematic review. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2018;57(9):1107-1121. doi:10.1007/s40262-018-0636-7 [PubMed 29441476]
  10. Butler DC, Heller MM, Murase JE. Safety of dermatologic medications in pregnancy and lactation: part II. Lactation. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2014;70(3):417. [PubMed 24528912]
  11. Campbell K, Rowe H, Azzam H, Lane CA, The Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada (SOGC) . The management of nausea and vomiting of pregnancy. J Obstet Gynaecol Can. 2016;38(12):1127-1137. doi:10.1016/j.jogc.2016.08.009 [PubMed 27986189]
  12. Carliner PE, Radman HM, Gay LN. Treatment of Nausea and Vomiting of Pregnancy with Dramamine--Preliminary Report. Science. 1949;110(2852):215-216. [PubMed 17811260]
  13. Cartwright EW. Dramamine in nausea and vomiting of pregnancy. Trans Pac Coast Obstet Gynecol Soc. 1950;18:123-141. [PubMed 14876759]
  14. Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Neonatal deaths associated with use of benzyl alcohol—United States. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 1982;31(22):290-291. http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001109.htm [PubMed 6810084]
  15. Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Unusual syndrome with fatalities among premature infants: association with a new intravenous vitamin E product. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 1984;33(14):198-199. http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000319.htm [PubMed 6423951]
  16. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). CDC Yellow Book 2018: Health Information for International Travel. New York: Oxford University Press; 2017. Available at https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/yellowbook/2018/the-pre-travel-consultation/motion-sickness
  17. Dimenhydrinate injection [prescribing information]. Schaumberg, IL: APP Pharmaceuticals, LLC; August 2011.
  18. Dimenhydrinate tablet [prescribing information]. Huntsville, AL: Qualitest Pharmaceuticals; June 2015.
  19. Dramamine for Kids chewable tablet (dimenhydrinate) [prescribing information]. Irvington, NY: Medtech Products Inc; April 2012.
  20. Dramamine Original Formula tablet (dimenhydrinate) [prescribing information]. Irvington, NY: Medtech Products Inc; April 2012.
  21. Driminate (dimenhydrinate USP) [prescribing information]. Livonia, MI: Major Pharmaceuticals; received September 2018.
  22. Ercin D, Erdur B, Turkcuer I, et al. Comparison of efficacy dimenhydrinate and metoclopramide in the treatment of nausea due to vertigo; a randomized study. Am J Emerg Med. 2021;40:77-82. doi:10.1016/j.ajem.2020.12.010 [PubMed 33360021]
  23. Expert opinion. Senior Renal Editorial Team: Bruce Mueller, PharmD, FCCP, FASN, FNKF; Jason A. Roberts, PhD, BPharm (Hons), B App Sc, FSHP, FISAC; Michael Heung, MD, MS.
  24. Furman JM, Barton JJS. Treatment of vertigo. Post TW, ed. UpToDate. Waltham, MA: UpToDate Inc. http://www.uptodate.com. Accessed November 28, 2022.
  25. Gan TJ, Diemunsch P, Habib AS, et al. Consensus guidelines for the management of postoperative nausea and vomiting. Anesth Analg. 2014;118(1):85-113. [PubMed 24356162]
  26. Gravol (dimenhydrinate) [product monograph]. Mississauga, Ontario, Canada: Church & Dwight Canada Corp; January 2016.
  27. Hain TC, Uddin M. Pharmacological treatment of vertigo. CNS Drugs. 2003;17(2):85-100. doi: 10.2165/00023210-200317020-00002 [PubMed 12521357]
  28. "Inactive" ingredients in pharmaceutical products: update (subject review). American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) Committee on Drugs. Pediatrics. 1997;99(2):268-278. [PubMed 9024461]
  29. Isaksson M, Jansson L. Contact allergy to Tween 80 in an inhalation suspension. Contact Dermatitis. 2002;47:313. [PubMed 12534540]
  30. Ito S, Blajchman A, Stephenson M, et al, "Prospective Follow-Up of Adverse Reactions in Breast-Fed Infants Exposed to Maternal Medication," Am J Obstet Gynecol, 1993, 168(5):1393-9. [PubMed 8498418]
  31. Lucente P, Iorizzo M, Pazzaglia M. Contact sensitivity to Tween 80 in a child. Contact Dermatitis. 2000;43:172. [PubMed 10985636]
  32. Messinis IE, Souvatzoglou A, Fais N, et al, "Histamine H1 Receptor Participation in the Control of Prolactin Secretion in Postpartum," J Endocrinol Invest, 1985, 8(2):143-6. [PubMed 3928731]
  33. Ozdemir H, Akinci E, Coskun F. Comparison of the effectiveness of intravenous piracetam and intravenous dimenhydrinate in the treatment of acute peripheral vertigo in the emergency department. Singapore Med J. 2013;54(11):649-652. doi:10.11622/smedj.2013225 [PubMed 24276103]
  34. Refer to manufacturer's labeling.
  35. Royal College of Obstetricians & Gynaecologists. The Management of Nausea and Vomiting of Pregnancy and Hyperemesis Gravidarum. Green-top Guideline No. 69. Available at https://www.rcog.org.uk/en/guidelines-research-services/guidelines/gtg69/. Published June 2016.
  36. Scavone JM, Luna BG, Harmatz JS, von Moltke L, Greenblatt DJ. Diphenhydramine kinetics following intravenous, oral, and sublingual dimenhydrinate administration. Biopharm Drug Dispos. 1990;11(3):185-189. doi:10.1002/bdd.2510110302 [PubMed 2328304]
  37. Shehab N, Lewis CL, Streetman DD, Donn SM. Exposure to the pharmaceutical excipients benzyl alcohol and propylene glycol among critically ill neonates. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2009;10(2):256-259. [PubMed 19188870]
  38. Shelley WB, Talanin N, Shelley ED. Polysorbate 80 hypersensitivity. Lancet. 1995;345(8980):1312-1313. [PubMed 7746084]
  39. Smith JA, Fox KA, Clark SM. Nausea and vomiting of pregnancy: treatment and outcome. Post TW, ed. UpToDate. Waltham, MA: UpToDate Inc. https://www.uptodate.com. Accessed March 5, 2024.
  40. Udy AA, Roberts JA, Boots RJ, Paterson DL, Lipman J. Augmented renal clearance: implications for antibacterial dosing in the critically ill. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2010;49(1):1-16. doi:10.2165/11318140-000000000-00000 [PubMed 20000886]
  41. Zajonc TP, Roland PS. Vertigo and motion sickness. Part II: pharmacologic treatment. Ear Nose Throat J. 2006;85(1):25-35. [PubMed 16509240]
  42. Zar T, Graeber C, Perazella MA. Recognition, treatment, and prevention of propylene glycol toxicity. Semin Dial. 2007;20(3):217-219. [PubMed 17555487]
  43. Zuberbier T, Aberer W, Asero R, et al. The EAACI/GA²LEN/EDF/WAO guideline for the definition, classification, diagnosis and management of urticaria. Allergy. 2018;73(7):1393‐1414. doi:10.1111/all.13397 [PubMed 29336054]
Topic 8896 Version 423.0