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Modified Caprini risk assessment model for VTE in general surgical patients

Modified Caprini risk assessment model for VTE in general surgical patients
Risk score
1 point 2 points 3 points 5 points
Age 41 to 60 years Age 61 to 74 years Age ≥75 years Stroke (<1 month)
Minor surgery Arthroscopic surgery History of VTE Elective arthroplasty
BMI >25 kg/m2 Major open surgery (>45 minutes) Family history of VTE Hip, pelvis, or leg fracture
Swollen legs Laparoscopic surgery (>45 minutes) Factor V Leiden Acute spinal cord injury (<1 month)
Varicose veins Malignancy Prothrombin 20210A  
Pregnancy or postpartum Confined to bed (>72 hours) Lupus anticoagulant  
History of unexplained or recurrent spontaneous abortion Immobilizing plaster cast Anticardiolipin antibodies  
Oral contraceptives or hormone replacement Central venous access Elevated serum homocysteine  
Sepsis (<1 month)   Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia  
Serious lung disease, including pneumonia (<1 month)   Other congenital or acquired thrombophilia  
Abnormal pulmonary function      
Acute myocardial infarction      
Congestive heart failure (<1 month)      
History of inflammatory bowel disease      
Medical patient at bed rest      
Interpretation
Surgical risk category* Score Estimated VTE risk in the absence of pharmacologic or mechanical prophylaxis (percent)
Very low (see text for definition) 0 <0.5
Low 1 to 2 1.5
Moderate 3 to 4 3.0
High ≥5 6.0
VTE: venous thromboembolism; BMI: body mass index.
* This table is applicable only to general, abdominal-pelvic, bariatric, vascular, and plastic and reconstructive surgery. See text for other types of surgery (eg, cancer surgery).
From: Gould MK, Garcia DA, Wren SM, et al. Prevention of VTE in nonorthopedic surgical patients: antithrombotic therapy and prevention of thrombosis, 9th ed: American College of Chest Physicians evidence-based clinical practical guidelines. Chest 2012; 141:e227S. Copyright © 2012. Reproduced with permission from the American College of Chest Physicians.
Graphic 83739 Version 14.0

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