CT scan rib fractures

The patient is a 41-year-old man who sustained trauma and was complaining of left sided back pain. The findings on plain film are not obvious (image A). The CT scan through the lower chest in the axial plane (image B) reveals an obvious minimally displaced left sided posterior rib fracture (arrow) which is magnified in image C. There is an associated small effusion or hemothorax (small arrowhead), minor atelectasis at the left base (large arrowhead), and a small amount of extrapleural hemorrhage (dashed arrow).