Clinical features | Type 1 diabetes mellitus | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | Monogenic diabetes |
Age of diagnosis (years) | Majority <25, but may occur at any age | Typically >25 but incidence is increasing in adolescents, paralleling increasing rates of obesity in children and adolescents¶ | <25 |
Weight | Usually thin, but with obesity epidemic overweight and obesity at diagnosis becoming more common | >90% at least overweight | Similar to general population |
Autoantibodies | Present | Absent | Absent |
Insulin dependent | Yes | No | No |
Insulin sensitivity | Normal when controlled | Decreased | Normal (may be decreased if obese) |
Family history of diabetes | Infrequent (5 to 10%) | Frequent (75 to 90%) | Multigenerational, ie, ≥3 generations |
Risk of diabetic ketoacidosis | High | Low | Low |
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