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خرید پکیج
تعداد آیتم قابل مشاهده باقیمانده : 3 مورد
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Clinical breakpoints for common Candida species

Clinical breakpoints for common Candida species
Organism Clinical breakpoints (in mcg/mL)
Susceptible Susceptible dose-dependent Intermediate Resistant
C. albicans
Caspofungin ≤0.25 -  0.5 ≥1
Anidulafungin ≤0.25 -  0.5 ≥1
Micafungin ≤0.25 -  0.5 ≥1
Fluconazole  ≤2.0  4.0  -  ≥8 
Itraconazole  ≤0.12  0.25-0.5  -  ≥1 
Voriconazole ≤0.12 - 0.25-0.5 ≥1
C. parapsilosis
Caspofungin ≤2 -  4 ≥8
Anidulafungin ≤2 -  4 ≥8
Micafungin ≤2 -  4 ≥8
Fluconazole     ≤2  4.0  -  ≥8 
Voriconazole ≤0.12 - 0.25-0.5 ≥1
C. tropicalis
Caspofungin ≤0.25 -  0.5 ≥1
Anidulafungin ≤0.25 -  0.5 ≥1
Micafungin ≤0.25 -  0.5 ≥1
Fluconazole  ≤2.0  4.0  -  ≥8 
Voriconazole ≤0.12 - 0.25-0.5 ≥1
C. glabrata
Caspofungin ≤0.12 -  0.25 ≥0.5
Anidulafungin ≤0.12 -  0.25 ≥0.5
Micafungin ≤0.06 -  0.12 ≥0.25
Fluconazole  -  ≤32  -  ≥64 
C. krusei
Caspofungin ≤0.25 -  0.5 ≥1
Anidulafungin ≤0.25 -  0.5 ≥1
Micafungin ≤0.25 -  0.5 ≥1
Fluconazole*  -  -  -  - 
Voriconazole ≤0.5 - 1 ≥2
C. guilliermondii
Caspofungin ≤2 - 4 ≥8
Anidulafungin ≤2 - 4 ≥8
Micafungin ≤2 - 4 ≥8
24-h 100 percent, MIC endpoints read as 100 percent inhibition at 24-h incubation; 24-h 50 percent, MIC endpoints read as 50 percent inhibition at 24-h incubation.
WT: wild-type.
* Fluconazole breakpoints are not available for C. krusei since this species is considered intrinsically resistant to this compound. All strains should be reported as resistant.
Data compiled from:
  1. Pfaller MA, Andes D, Diekema DJ, et al. Wild-type MIC distributions, epidemiological cutoff values and species-specific clinical breakpoints for fluconazole and Candida: Time for harmonization of CLSI and EUCAST broth microdilution methods. Drug Resist Updat 2010; 13:180.
  2. Pfaller MA, Diekema DJ, Andes D, et al. Clinical breakpoints for the echinocandins and Candida revisited: Integration of molecular, clinical, and microbiological data to arrive at species-specific interpretive criteria. Drug Resist Updat 2011; 14:164.
  3. Pfaller MA, Andes D, Arendrup MC, et al. Clinical breakpoints for voriconazole and Candida spp. revisited: review of microbiologic, molecular, pharmacodynamic, and clinical data as they pertain to the development of species-specific interpretive criteria. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2011; 70:330.
  4. Pfaller MA, Boykem L, Hollis RJ, et al. Wild-type MIC distributions and epidemiological cutoff values for the echinocandins and Candida spp. J Clin Microbiol 2010; 48:52.
  5. Pfaller MA, Boyken L, Hollis RJ, et al. Wild-type MIC distributions and epidemiological cutoff values for posaconazole and voriconazole and Candida spp. as determined by 24-hour CLSI broth microdilution. J Clin Microbiol 2011; 49:630.
  6. Pfaller MA, Castanheira M, Diekema DJ, et al. Triazole and echinocandin wild-type MIC distributions with epidemiological cutoff values for six uncommon species of Candida. J Clin Microbiol 2011; 49:3800.
  7. Pfaller MA, Espinel-Ingroff A, Canton E, et al. Wild-type MIC distributions and epidemiological cutoff values for amphotericin B, flucytosine, and itraconazole and Candida spp. as determined by CLSI broth microdilution. J Clin Microbiol 2012; 50:2040.
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