Version July 2025
Stage I palliation of hypoplastic left heart syndrome.
(A) Stage I palliation (Norwood procedure) using a modified Blalock-Thomas-Taussig shunt (mBTTS; previously called modified Blalock-Taussig shunt [mBTS]) for provision of pulmonary blood flow. The shunt originates from the innominate artery and inserts into the central pulmonary artery.
(B) Stage I palliation using an RV-to-PA conduit (Sano modification) for provision of pulmonary blood flow. A larger 5 or 6 mm graft is placed between the RV and the central PA.
(C) Stage I palliation using a hybrid approach. Pulmonary blood flow is restricted with branch PA bands, and the ductal patency is maintained by placement of a stent. A stent is placed to create a nonrestrictive atrial septal defect.