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تعداد آیتم قابل مشاهده باقیمانده : 3 مورد
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Gell and Coombs classification of immunologic drug reactions

Gell and Coombs classification of immunologic drug reactions
Type Description Mechanism Clinical features

I

Immediate reaction (within one hour)
IgE-mediated, immediate-type hypersensitivity Antigen exposure causes IgE-mediated activation of mast cells and basophils, with release of vasoactive substances, such as histamine, prostaglandins, and leukotrienes.

Anaphylaxis

Angioedema

Bronchospasm

Urticaria (hives)

Hypotension

II Antibody-dependent cytotoxicity An antigen or hapten that is intimately associated with a cell binds to antibody, leading to cell or tissue injury.

Hemolytic anemia

Thrombocytopenia

Neutropenia
III Immune complex disease Damage is caused by formation or deposition of antigen-antibody complexes in vessels or tissue. Deposition of immune complexes causes complement activation and/or recruitment of neutrophils by interaction of immune complexes with Fc IgG receptors.

Serum sickness

Arthus reaction
IV Cell-mediated or delayed hypersensitivity Antigen exposure activates T cells, which then mediate tissue injury. Depending upon the type of T cell activation and the other effector cells recruited, different subtypes can be differentiated (ie, types IVa to IVd).

Contact dermatitis

Some morbilliform reactions

Severe exfoliative dermatoses (eg, SJS/TEN)

AGEP

DRESS/DiHS

Interstitial nephritis

Drug-induced hepatitis

Other presentations

IgE: immunoglobulin E; Fc IgG: Fc portion of immunoglobulin G; SJS/TEN: Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis; AGEP: acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis; DRESS/DiHS: drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms/drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome.
Adapted from: Weiss ME, Adkinson NF. Immediate hypersensitivity reactions to penicillin and related antibiotics. Clin Allergy 1988; 18:515.
Graphic 80466 Version 18.0

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