Major causes of membranous nephropathy

Primary:

Circulating autoantibodies against podocyte antigens such as PLA2R, THSD7A, exostosin 1/exostosin 2, NELL1, semaphorin 3B, PCDH7, and HTRA1

Malignancy (may not be causative)

Infections:

Hepatitis B virus

Hepatitis C virus (rare)

HIV (rare)

Systemic lupus erythematosus (WHO class V)

Other autoimmune diseases

Drugs:

NSAIDs

Penicillamine

Bucillamine

Gold salts

Mercurial salt, elemental mercury

Anti-TNF therapy

Tiopronin

Thyroiditis

Sarcoidosis (uncommon)

De novo disease post kidney transplantation, caused by donor-specific anti-HLA antibodies

Hematopoietic cell transplant/GVHD

PLA2R: phospholipase A2 receptor; THSD7A: thrombospondin type-1 domain-containing 7A; NELL1: neural epidermal growth factor-like 1; PCDH7: protocadherin 7; HIV: human immunodeficiency virus; WHO: World Health Organization; NSAIDs: nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs; anti-TNF: anti-tumor necrosis factor; HLA: human leukocyte antigen; GVHD: graft-versus-host disease.

Graphic 80418 Version 9.0

خرید پکیج

Major causes of membranous nephropathy