Diagnostic criteria for preeclampsia

Systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg on at least 2 occasions at least 4 hours apart after 20 weeks of gestation in a previously normotensive patient AND the new onset of 1 or more of the following*:

Proteinuria ≥0.3 g in a 24-hour urine specimen or protein/creatinine ratio ≥0.3 (30 mg/mmol) in a random urine specimen or dipstick ≥2+ if a quantitative measurement is unavailable

Platelet count <100,000/microL

Serum creatinine >1.1 mg/dL (97.2 micromol/L) or doubling of the creatinine concentration in the absence of other kidney disease

Liver transaminases at least twice the upper limit of the normal concentrations for the local laboratory

Pulmonary edema

New-onset and persistent headache not accounted for by alternative diagnoses and not responding to usual doses of analgesics^¶

Visual symptoms (eg, blurred vision, flashing lights or sparks, scotomata)

Preeclampsia is considered superimposed when it occurs in a patient with chronic hypertension. Superimposed preeclampsia is characterized by worsening or resistant hypertension (especially acutely), the new onset of proteinuria or a sudden increase in proteinuria, and/or significant new end-organ dysfunction in a patient with chronic hypertension. It typically occurs after 20 weeks of gestation or postpartum.

Definitions/diagnostic criteria for preeclampsia are generally similar worldwide except the International Society for the Study of Hypertension in Pregnancy definition also includes signs of uteroplacental dysfunction (eg, fetal growth restriction, abnormal angiogenic markers, abnormal umbilical artery Doppler, abruption, fetal demise).

* If systolic blood pressure is ≥160 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure is ≥110 mmHg, confirmation within minutes is sufficient.

¶ Response to analgesia does not exclude the possibility of preeclampsia.

Adapted from:

American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) Practice Bulletin No. 222: Gestational Hypertension and Preeclampsia. Obstet Gynecol 2020; 135:e237.
Magee LA, Brown MA, Hall DR, et al. The 2021 International Society for the Study of Hypertension in Pregnancy classification, diagnosis & management recommendations for international practice. Pregnancy Hypertens 2022; 27:148.

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Diagnostic criteria for preeclampsia