Version July 2025
| Drugs | Dosage forms (oral) | Daily dosage (range; mg/kg) | Maximum daily dose | Adverse reactions |
| Ethambutol | Tablets:
Tablets may be crushed and given with food | 20 (15 to 25) | 1 g | Optic neuritis (usually reversible), decreased red-green color discrimination, gastrointestinal tract disturbances, hypersensitivity |
| Isoniazid* | Scored tablets:
Tablets may be crushed and given with food | 10 (10 to 15) | 300 mg | Mild hepatic enzyme elevation, hepatitis (increased in combination with rifampin), peripheral neuropathy, hypersensitivity Given with pyridoxine to persons at risk of or with peripheral neuropathy; for moxifloxacin-rifapentine based regimen, all patients received pyridoxine[1] |
| Pyrazinamide* | Scored tablets:¶
| 35 (30 to 40) | 2 g | Hepatotoxic effects, hyperuricemia, arthralgia, gastrointestinal tract upset, pruritus, rash |
| Rifampin (rifampicin)* | Capsules:¶
| 15 to 20Δ | 600 mg | Orange discoloration of secretions or urine, staining of contact lenses, vomiting, hepatitis, influenza-like reaction, thrombocytopenia, pruritus; oral contraceptives may be ineffective |
| Rifapentine◊[1] | Tablets:
Tablets may be crushed and given with food | 1200 mg (weight over 40 kg, age ≥12 years) | 1200 mg | Orange discoloration of secretions or urine, staining of contact lenses, headache, vomiting, hepatitis, hyperbilirubinemia, influenza-like reaction, anemia, lymphopenia, pruritus; oral contraceptives may be ineffective |
| Moxifloxacin◊[1] | Tablets:
| 400 mg (weight over 40 kg, age ≥12 years) | 400 mg | Tendinopathy, gastrointestinal tract disturbances, cardiac disturbances, peripheral neuropathy, rash, headache, restlessness, confusion; can prolong QTc interval, hypersensitivity reactions, theoretical effect on growing cartilage |
* Combination formulations are available in some areas outside the United States containing various strengths of rifampin, isoniazid, and/or pyrazinamide; confirm local product labeling before use. Isoniazid and rifampin also are available for parenteral administration.
¶ An oral suspension may be prepared by a compounding pharmacy.
Δ Many experts recommend using a daily rifampin dose of 20 to 30 mg/kg/day for infants and toddlers and for serious forms of tuberculosis such as meningitis and disseminated disease.
◊ For details of rifapentine-moxifloxacin-based 4-month regimen, refer to separately available table in UpToDate.Adapted from: Tuberculosis. In: American Academy of Pediatrics. Red Book: 2024-2027 Report of the Committee on Infectious Diseases, 33 ed, Kimberlin DW, Banerjee R, Barnett ED, et al (Eds), American Academy of Pediatrics, Itasca, IL 2024.
