Major pathways of T cell activation

SLP-76: Src homology 2 (SH2) domain-containing leukocyte protein of 76 kiloDaltons; LAT: linker for activation of T cells; Grb2: growth factor receptor-bound protein 2; Shc: SH2 domain-containing transforming protein (adaptor protein); Sos: son of sevenless protein (guanine nucleotide exchange factor); Ras: reticular activating system protein (small guanosine triphosphate hydrolases); MAPK: mitogen-activated protein kinase; AP-1: activator protein 1 (transcription factor); Jun: a proto-oncogene and transcription factor; Fos: a proto-oncogene and transcription factor; Lck: lymphocyte-specific protein-tyrosine kinase; ZAP-70: zeta-chain-associated protein kinase 70 kiloDalton; ITAM: immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif; Vav: a proto-oncogene and guanine nucleotide exchange factor; PI-3K: phosphoinositide 3-kinase; PLC-γ1: phospholipase C, gamma 1; IP-3: inositol triphosphate; DAG: diacylglycerol; PKC: protein kinase C; NF-ATp: nuclear factor of activated T cells, phosphorylated