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Multiprotein complexes in the red blood cell membrane

Multiprotein complexes in the red blood cell membrane
Schematic representation of two types of multiprotein complexes in the red blood cell membrane.
(Left) Band 3-based macromolecular complex (referred to as Ankyrin complex in the image). This protein complex attaches to spectrin near the center of the tetramer (dimer-dimer interaction site). Tetrameric band 3 is bound to ankyrin, which is bound to spectrin. The membrane skeletal protein 4.2 has binding sites for band 3 and for ankyrin. Transmembrane glycoproteins GPA, Rh, and RhAG bind to band 3, and CD47 and LW associate with Rh/RhAG. The two cytoplasmic domains of band 3 contain binding sites for soluble proteins, the short C-terminal domain for CA II, the large N-terminal domain for deoxyhemoglobin, glycolytic enzymes, aldolase, PFK, and GAPDH.
(Right) Protein 4.1R-based macromolecular complex. This protein complex forms at membrane skeletal junctions. The junctions contain the ternary complex of spectrin, F-actin, and protein 4.1R, as well as the actin-binding proteins tropomyosin, tropomodulin, adducin, and dematin. Protein 4.1R enters into an additional ternary interaction with the transmembrane proteins GPC and p55 and can also bind to band 3, in the form of a dimer, which also carries GPA. The blood group proteins Rh, Kell, and XK also have binding sites on protein 4.1R. Note, however, that the abundances of all transmembrane proteins except GPA and GPC are low and therefore not all proteins will be present on all complexes.
4.1R: protein 4.1R; GLUT1: glucose transporter 1; GPA: glycophorin A; CA II: carbonic anhydrase II; GPC: glycophorin C; PFK: phosphofructokinase; Hb: hemoglobin; GAPDH: glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase.
Modified with permission from: Salomao, M, Zhang, X, Yang, Y, et al. Protein 4.1R-dependent multiprotein complex; new insights into the structural organization of the red blood cell membrane. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2008; 105:8026. Copyright © 2008 National Academy of Sciences, USA.
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