Modes of mechanical ventilation

Mode	Breath strategy (target)	Trigger		Cycle (breath termination)	Types of breaths
Mode	Breath strategy (target)	Ventilator	Patient	Cycle (breath termination)	Mandatory	Assisted	Spontaneous
CMV	Volume-limited	Yes	No	Volume	Yes	No	No
CMV	Pressure-limited	Yes	No	Time	Yes	No	No
AC	Volume-limited	Yes	Yes	Volume	Yes	Yes	No
AC	Pressure-limited	Yes	Yes	Time	Yes	Yes	No
IMV	Volume-limited	Yes	Yes	Volume	Yes	Yes*	Yes*
IMV	Pressure-limited	Yes	Yes	Time	Yes	Yes*	Yes*
APRV		Yes	Yes	Time	Yes	Yes*	Yes*
PSV	Pressure-limited	No	Yes	Flow	No	Yes	No
CPAP		No	No	Flow	No	No	Yes
Tube compensation		No	Yes	Flow	No	No	Yes
Types of breaths:
Mandatory: Breaths are initiated by the ventilator and the ventilator performs the work of inspiration during those breaths
Assisted: Breaths are initiated by the patient, but the ventilator performs at least some of the work of inspiration for those patient initiated breaths
Spontaneous: Breaths are initiated by the patient and the patient performs the entire work of inspiration for those patient initiated breaths

CMV: controlled mechanical ventilation; AC: assist control; IMV: intermittent mandatory ventilation; PSV: pressure support ventilation; CPAP: continuous positive airway pressure; APRV: airway pressure release ventilation; BPAP: bilevel positive airway pressure.
* Note that there is overlap between the types of breaths that can be generated during various modes of ventilation. This overlap is dependent on the ventilator settings. As examples, APRV and IMV are capable of assisted breaths (pressure support added) or spontaneous breaths (no pressure support added). Both assisted and spontaneous breaths depend on the patient's ability to trigger the ventilator.

Graphic 77391 Version 5.0

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Modes of mechanical ventilation