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Suggested intakes of vitamins for premature infants receiving parenteral nutrition

Suggested intakes of vitamins for premature infants receiving parenteral nutrition
Vitamin Current regimen based upon pediatric multivitamin formulation*
(dose/day)		 Estimate based upon the needs of premature infants
(dose/day)

Maximum not to exceed term infant

(dose/day)
Fat-soluble vitamins
A 280 mcg/kg 500 mcg/kg 700 mcg
EΔ 2.8 mg/kg 2.8 mg/kg 7 mg
K 80 mcg/kg 80 mcg/kg 200 mcg
D◊ 4 mcg/kg 4 mcg/kg 10 mcg
Water-soluble vitamins
C, Ascorbic acid 32 mg/kg 25 mg/kg 80 mg
B1, Thiamin 0.48 mg/kg 0.35 mg/kg 1.2 mg
B2, Riboflavin 0.56 mg/kg 0.15 mg/kg 1.4 mg
B6, Pyridoxine 0.4 mg/kg 0.18 mg/kg 1 mg
Niacin 6.8 mg/kg 6.8 mg/kg 17 mg
Pantothenate 2 mg/kg 2 mg/kg 5 mg
Biotin 8 mcg/kg 6 mcg/kg 20 mcg
Folate 56 mcg/kg 56 mcg/kg 140 mcg
Vitamin B12 0.4 mcg/kg 0.3 mcg/kg 1 mcg
* Regimen based upon using 40 percent of a vial of MVI-Pediatric (Mayne Pharma (USA), Inc, Paramus, NJ) per kg body weight or 2 mL/kg/day. Infuvite Pediatric (Sandoz Canada Inc, Boucherville, Quebec, Canada) has composition similar to MVI-Pediatric, with the following exceptions (per 5 mL): aluminum (4.2 versus 0.2 mcg) and polysorbate 20 (0 versus 0.8 mg), in Infuvite versus MVI-Pediatric, respectively.
¶ 1 mcg retinol = 3.33 international unit vitamin A = 6 mcg β-carotene = 1.83 mcg retinyl palmitate = 1 retinol equivalent (RE).
Δ 1 mg α-tocopherol = 1 international unit vitamin E.
◊ 1 mcg vitamin D (cholecalciferol) = 40 international unit vitamin D (cholecalciferol).
Adapted from:
  1. Schanler RJ. The low birth weight infant: Perinatal nutrition. In: Nutrition in Pediatrics: Basic Science and Clinical Applications, Walker WA, Watkins JB (Eds), B.C. Decker Inc., Hamilton, Ontario, Canada 1996. p.387.
  2. Greene HL, Hambidge KM, Schanler RJ, Tsang RC. Guidelines for the use of vitamins, trace elements, calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus in infants and children receiving total parenteral nutrition: report of the Subcommittee on Pediatric Parenteral Nutrient Requirements from the Committee on Clinical Practice Issues of The American Society for Clinical Nutrition. Am J Clin Nutr 1988; 48:1324.
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