Typical total body deficits of water and electrolytes in diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state*

	DKA	HHS
Total water (L)	6	9
Water (mL/kg^¶)	100	100 to 200
Na⁺ (mEq/kg)	7 to 10	5 to 13
Cl^– (mEq/kg)	3 to 5	5 to 15
K⁺ (mEq/kg)	3 to 5	4 to 6
PO₄ (mmol/kg)	5 to 7	3 to 7
Mg⁺⁺ (mEq/kg)	1 to 2	1 to 2
Ca⁺⁺ (mEq/kg)	1 to 2	1 to 2

Data are from Ennis et al (1994) and Kreisberg (1978).

DKA: diabetic ketoacidosis; HHS: hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state; Na⁺: sodium; Cl^–: chloride; K⁺: potassium; PO₄: phosphate; Mg⁺⁺: magnesium; Ca⁺⁺: calcium.

* Fluid and electrolyte deficits vary widely depending on the severity of DKA or HHS. Adequacy of fluid replacement is judged by frequent hemodynamic and laboratory monitoring.

¶ Per kilogram of body weight.

Graphic 76060 Version 7.0

خرید پکیج

Typical total body deficits of water and electrolytes in diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state*