Joint inflammation and damage: |
Synovial proliferation and joint effusion |
Marginal joint erosions |
Ligamentous laxity and joint deformity |
Impaired physical function and quality of life |
Indefinite need for DMARDs |
Increased risk for development of other diseases |
Infections |
Cardiovascular disease |
Malignancies (lymphoma, lung cancer, skin cancers, among others) |
Pulmonary disease |
Life expectancy of RA less than age- and sex-matched control populations, especially in patients with: |
Polyarticular disease |
Systemic extraarticular disease |
Persistent disease activity (high ESR, CRP, and clinical disease activity measures) |
Rheumatoid factor and circulating immune complex positivity |
HLA-DRB1 "shared epitope" (especially biallelic) |
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