Function | Muscle | Nerve |
Plexus cervicalis: C1-C4 | ||
Cervical nerves | ||
Flexion, extension, rotation and lateral bending of the back | Colli profundi (+ sternocleidomastoideus + trapezius) | C1-C4 |
Lifting of upper thorax; inspiration | Scaleni | C3-C5 |
Phrenic nerve | ||
Inspiration | Diaphragm | C3-C5 |
Plexus brachialis: C5-T1 | ||
Anterior thoracic nerve | ||
Adduction and internal rotation of arm and dorsoventral lowering of shoulder | Pectoralis major and minor | C5-T1 |
Long thoracic nerve | ||
Fixation of scapula during lifting of arm (anterior movement of shoulder) | Serratus anterior | C5-C7 |
Dorsal scapular nerve | ||
Elevation and adduction of scapula toward spinal column | Levator scapulae Rhomboidei |
C4-C5 |
Suprascapular nerve | ||
Lifting and outward rotation of arm | Supraspinatus | C4-C6 |
Outward rotation of arm in shoulder joint | Infraspinatus | C4-C6 |
Dorsal thoracic nerve | ||
Inward rotation of shoulder joint; adduction from ventral to dorsal; lowering of elevated arm | Latissimus dorsi Teres major Subscapularis |
C5-C8 (from dorsal portion of plexus) |
Axillary nerve | ||
Lateral lifting (abduction) of arm up to the horizontal line | Deltoideus | C5-C6 |
Outward rotation of arm | Teres minor | C4-C5 |
Musculocutaneous nerve | ||
Flexion of upper and lower arm and supination of lower arm | Biceps brachii | C5-C6 |
Elevation and adduction of arm | Coracobrachialis | C5-C7 |
Flexion of lower arm | Brachialis | C5-C6 |
Median nerve | ||
Flexion and radial deviation of hand | Flexor carpi radialis | C6-C7 |
Pronation of lower arm | Pronator teres | C6-C7 |
Flexion of hand | Palmaris longus | C7-T1 |
Flexion of fingers II-V in middle phalanges | Flexor digitorum superficialis | C7-T1 |
Flexion of end phalanx of the thumb | Flexor pollicis longus | C6-C8 |
Flexion of end phalanges of index and middle finger | Flexor digitorum profundus (radial portion) | C7-T1 |
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