Aphasia syndromes

Syndrome	Flu	Rep	Comp	Read	Write	Localization
Broca	-	-	+	+	-	"Broca" area: left inferior frontal, often anterior MCA branch occlusion
Wernicke	+	-	-	-	-	"Wernicke" area: left superior temporal and inferior parietal region, often posterior MCA branch occlusion
Anomic	+	+	+	±	±	Temporal, parietal, and occipital regions of cortex outside of classical language areas
Conduction	+	-	+	+	±	Superior temporal gyrus, inferior parietal region adjacent to temporal lobe; classically in arcuate fasciculus
Transcortical motor	-	+	+	+	-	Left mesial frontal, especially supplementary motor area; anterior cerebral artery occlusion
Transcortical sensory	+	+	-	-	-	Left posterior watershed zone between MCA and PCA territories
Transcortical mixed	-	+	-	-	-	Anterior and posterior watershed zones, effectively disconnecting perisylvian cortex from other cortical regions
Global	-	-	-	-	-	Large MCA or left carotid inclusions infarcting a vast region of the left hemisphere
Pure word deafness	+	+	-	+	+	Left or bilateral superior temporal gyrus lesions
Pure alexia	+	+	+	-	+	Left occipital lobe with involvement of splenium of corpus callosum
Aphemia	-	+	+	+	+	Motor cortex outflow to articulators
Pure agraphia	+	+	+	+	-	Left inferior frontal region

Flu: fluency; Rep: repetition; Comp: comprehension; Read: reading; Write: writing; +: relatively spared; -: impaired; MCA: middle cerebral artery; PCA: posterior cerebral artery.

Data from: Mendez MF, Clark DG. Neuropsychiatric aspects of aphasia and related disorders. In: The American Psychiatric Publishing Textbook of Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, 5th ed, Yudofsky SC, Hales RH (Eds), American Psychiatric Publishing, Washington, DC 2007. p.522.

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Aphasia syndromes