Neonatal morbidity and mortality data by delivery type for the United States, 1995 to 1998 (rates are per 10,000 deliveries)

Outcome	Spontaneous	Forceps delivery	Vacuum delivery
Neonatal death	3.7	5.0	4.7
Birth injury	21.4	109.1	76.1
Neonatal seizures	5.0	8.7	6.5
Assisted ventilation <30 minutes	147	293	250

Data from: Demissie K, Rhoads GG, Smulian JC, et al. Operative vaginal delivery and neonatal and infant adverse outcomes: population based retrospective analysis. BMJ 2004; 329:24.

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Neonatal morbidity and mortality data by delivery type for the United States, 1995 to 1998 (rates are per 10,000 deliveries)