Cardiac |
Acute coronary syndrome (most common) |
Arrhythmia: Secondary to electrolyte disorder, acidosis, other process; abnormal conduction syndromes (eg, prolonged QT, Brugada) |
Pericardial tamponade |
Respiratory |
Airway obstruction: Mucus plug, foreign body, tracheostomy decannulation |
Asthma/COPD exacerbation |
Pneumonia |
Pulmonary embolus |
Tension pneumothorax |
Hemmorhage and hypovolemia |
Trauma |
Gastrointestinal bleeding |
Abdominal aortic aneursym rupture |
Intracranial hemorrhage |
Profound gastrointestinal fluid loss |
Drugs and poisons |
Opioids |
Beta blockers |
Calcium-channel blockers |
Benzodiazepines |
Tricyclic antidepressants |
Digoxin |
Electrolyte disturbances |
Potassium |
Magnesium |
Sepsis |
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