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Some genes of interest in schizophrenia

Some genes of interest in schizophrenia
Gene name or product Gene Hypothesized function Notes
Catechol-O-methyl transferase COMT Catecholamine (including dopamine) metabolism

At position 158 in the resulting protein: a VAL/VAL allele is more active than a VAL/MET or MET/MET allele.

The VAL/VAL allele is associated with greater risk of psychosis in cannabis users[1]. Position 22q11.
D-amino acid oxidase activator/D-amino acid oxidase DAOA/G30 and DAO DAO breaks down D-serine, which is an NMDA receptor cofactor DAOA/G30 and DAO are an interacting pair of genes[2]​.
Disrupted in schizophrenia 1 DISC1 Wide array of hypothesized functions from cell migration during development to dendritic outgrowths and cell adhesion Discovered from studying a Scottish family with many members having a severe mental disorder and also a translocation disrupting the expression of the gene. Position 1q42.
Dystrobrevin binding protein 1 (dysbindin) DTNBP1 Axon stability Also associated with skeletal muscle. Position 6p22.
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) A receptor subunit beta 2 GABRB2 Inhibitory neurotransmission There is evidence of GABA signaling system abnormalities in schizophrenia. Position 5q34.
Neuregulin 1 NRG1 Signal transduction related to cell growth and differentiation NRG1 undergoes alternative splicing into several proteins. Position 8p12-21.
Zinc finger protein 804A ZNF804A Unknown (may be transcription factor)

Identified in GWAS study[3].

Also associated with bipolar disorders.

Examination of rare alleles of the gene found no difference in rates in schizophrenia compared to controls[4].
References:
  1. Henquet C, Rosa A, Krabbendam L, et al. An experimental study of catechol-O-methyltransferase Val158Met moderation of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol-induced effects on psychosis and cognition. Neuropsychopharmacology 2006; 31:2748.
  2. Corvin A, McGhee KA, Murphy K, et al. Evidence for association and epistasis at the DAOA/G30 and D-amino acid oxidase loci in an Irish schizophrenia sample. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2007; 144B:949.
  3. O'Donovan MC, Craddock N, Norton N, et al. Identification of loci associated with schizophrenia by genome-wide association and follow-up. Nat Genet 2008; 4:1053.
  4. Dwyer S, Williams H, Holmans P, et al. No evidence that rare coding variants in ZNF804A confer risk of schizophrenia. American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B: Neuropsychiatric Genetics 2010; 153B:1411.
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