Version June 2024
| Available solutions | |||||
| Dextrans¶ | Gelatins | Crystalloids | |||
| 10 percent Dextran-70 | 3 percent Dextran-60, 6 percent Dextran-70 | Succinylated and cross-linked: 2.5, 3, 4 percent Urea-linked: 3.5 percent | Normal saline | Ringer's lactate | |
| Molecular weight, average (kD) | 40 | 70 | 30-35 | 0 | 0 |
| Osmolality, mOsm/L | 280-324 | 280-324 | 300-350 | 285-308 | 250-273 |
| COP, mm Hg | 20-60 | 20-60 | 25-42 | 0 | 0 |
| Maximum volume expansion,* percent | 100-200 | 80-140 | 70-80 | 20-25 | 20-25 |
| Duration of volume expansion, h | 1-2 | 8-24 | 4-6 | 1-4 | 1-4 |
| Plasmatic half-life, h | 4-6 | 12 | 2-9 | 0.5 | 0.5 |
| Potential for adverse reactions | +++ | +++ | ++ | + | + |
| Possible side effects | Anaphylactoid reactions Allergic reactions Interference with blood crossmatching | Anaphylactoid reactions Allergic reactions Interference with blood crossmatching | High calcium content (urea-linked forms) Anaphylactoid reactions | Hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis | Hyperkalemia |
COP: colloid osmotic pressure; maximum volume expansion: the degree of expansion of circulatory volume divided by infused volume.
* Expressed as a percentage of administered volume.
¶ Dextrans are rarely used due to increased mortality and renal dysfunction associated with their use.
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