Version June 2024
| Bilateral vertical gaze center or rostral interstitial nuclei of the MLF |
| Down-sized saccadic palsy |
| Paralysis of upward and downward saccades |
| Bilateral pretectal lesions or midline lesions of the posterior commissure |
| Paresis of upward gaze |
| Unilateral lesions of the riMLF (the vertical gaze center) |
| Mild defects in vertical saccades |
| Combined up- and downgaze palsies |
| Unilateral mesencephalic lesions |
| Bilateral upgaze palsy |
| Palsy of upward and downward saccades |
| Palsy of upward and downward pursuit and vestibular movements |
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