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Activated complement fragments: Deposition and function on cellular targets

Activated complement fragments: Deposition and function on cellular targets
Activation fragment Number on a single cell Notes
C4b 2.5 million Cleavage by C1s generates C4b; C4b covalently binds to target
C4bC2b 0.5 million C3 convertase; one in five C4bs forms a convertase
C3b 20 million Approximately 10 times more C3b than C4b attaches to target (opsonization)
C5b-C9 1 million Membrane perturbation including lysis by the membrane attack complex
These data were obtained from quantitative analysis of immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody-mediated classical pathway activation on mammalian cells (melanoma cell line). Normal human serum was used as the source of complement, along with saturating amounts of human antibody to the cell line. Similar data have been obtained on bacterial membranes, although relative numbers were less (approximately a log) corresponding to reduced surface area and antigenic density. The complement system is the "guardian of the intravascular space." It is designed to attack bacteria attempting to enter the intravascular space.
Graphic 65948 Version 8.0

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