CO₂ waveform in obstructive lung disease

Examples of capnograms collected over one respiratory cycle from a normal subject, a COPD patient, and a CHF patient. The evident variations in morphology suggest that the waveforms can be used for diagnostic purposes.

CO₂: carbon dioxide; PetCO₂: end tidal carbon dioxide; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CHF: congestive heart failure.

Reprinted with permission from: Abid A, Mieloszyk RJ, Verghese GC, et al. Model-Based Estimation of Respiratory Parameters from Capnography, With Application to Diagnosing Obstructive Lung Disease. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2017; 64:2957. Copyright © 2017 IEEE.

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CO2 waveform in obstructive lung disease

CO₂ waveform in obstructive lung disease