Diagnostic positions of gaze

The nine diagnostic positions of gaze, used for testing versions (saccades and pursuit). Pure elevation (supraduction) and depression (infraduction) of the eyes are predominantly functions of the superior and inferior rectus muscles, respectively, with some help from the oblique muscles. The eyes are rotated directly upward primarily by the superior rectus with some help from the inferior oblique; the eyes are rotated directly downward primarily by the inferior rectus with some help from the superior oblique.