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UpToDate Lexidrug clinical abbreviations and age group definitions

UpToDate Lexidrug clinical abbreviations and age group definitions

NOTE: Age group definitions used in UpToDate Lexidrug are provided at the end of this table.

Country code definitions used in the "Brand Names: International" field of UpToDate Lexidrug are provided in a separate table available in the international brand names field of each monograph.
Abbreviation Meaning Abbreviation Meaning Abbreviation Meaning
Abbreviations, acronyms, and symbols that may be used in UpToDate Lexidrug*
½NS 0.45% sodium chloride EEG Electroencephalogram NSAID Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug
5-HT 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) EF Ejection fraction NSF Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis
AACT American Academy of Clinical Toxicology EG Ethylene glycol NSCLC Non-small cell lung cancer
AAP American Academy of Pediatrics EGA Estimated gestational age NSTEMI Non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction
AAPC Antibiotic-associated pseudomembranous colitis EIA Enzyme immunoassay NYHA New York Heart Association
ABCB1 ATP-binding cassette sub-family B member 1 (also known as P-gP or MDR1) ELBW Extremely low birth weight OA Osteoarthritis
ABCC2 ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 2 (also known as MRP2) ELISA Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay OAT Organic anion transporter
ABCG2 ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 2 (also known as BCRP) EPS Extrapyramidal side effects OCD Obsessive-compulsive disorder
ABG Arterial blood gases ESR Erythrocyte sedimentation rate OCT Organic cation transporter
ABMT Autologous bone marrow transplant ESRD End stage renal disease OHSS Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome
ABW Actual body weight E.T. Endotracheal O.R. Operating room
ACC American College of Cardiology EtOH Alcohol OTC Over-the-counter (nonprescription)
ACE Angiotensin-converting enzyme FDA Food and Drug Administration (United States) PABA Para-aminobenzoic acid
ACLS Advanced cardiac life support FEV1 Forced expiratory volume exhaled after 1 second PACTG Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Group
ACOG American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists FMO Flavin-containing monooxygenase PALS Pediatric advanced life support
ACT Activated clotting time FSH Follicle-stimulating hormone PAT Paroxysmal atrial tachycardia
ACTH Adrenocorticotrophic hormone FTT Failure to thrive PCA Patient-controlled analgesia
ADAMTS13 activity A Disintegrin And Metalloprotease with a ThromboSpondin type 1 motif, member 13 activity FVC Forced vital capacity PCI Percutaneous coronary intervention
ADH Antidiuretic hormone G-6-PD, G6PD Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase PCP Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (also called Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia)
ADHD Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder GA Gestational age PCWP Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure
ADI Adequate daily intake GABA Gamma-aminobutyric acid PD Parkinson's disease; peritoneal dialysis
AdjBW Adjusted body weight GAD Generalized anxiety disorder PDA Patent ductus arteriosus
ADLs Activities of daily living GE Gastroesophageal PDE-5 Phosphodiesterase-5
ADT Androgen deprivation therapy GERD Gastroesophageal reflux disease PE Pulmonary embolism
AED Antiepileptic drug GFR Glomerular filtration rate PEG tube Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube
AHA American Heart Association GGT Gamma-glutamyltransferase P-gP P-glycoprotein
AHCPR Agency for Health Care Policy and Research GI Gastrointestinal PHN Post-herpetic neuralgia
AIDS Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome GIST Gastrointestinal stromal tumor PICU Pediatric Intensive Care Unit
AIMS Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale GU Genitourinary PID Pelvic inflammatory disease
ALK Anaplastic lymphoma kinase GVHD Graft versus host disease PIP Peak inspiratory pressure
ALL Acute lymphoblastic leukemia HAM-A Hamilton Anxiety Scale PIRRT Prolonged intermittent renal replacement therapy
ALS Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis HAM-D Hamilton Depression Scale PMA Postmenstrual age
ALT Alanine aminotransferase (formerly called SGPT) HARS HIV-associated adipose redistribution PMDD Premenstrual dysphoric disorder
AMA American Medical Association Hb Hemoglobin PNA Postnatal age
AML Acute myeloblastic leukemia HCAHPS Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems PONV Postoperative nausea and vomiting
ANA Antinuclear antibodies HCM Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy PPHN Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the neonate
ANC Absolute neutrophil count Hct Hematocrit PPN Peripheral parenteral nutrition
ANLL Acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia HCV Hepatitis C virus PROM Premature rupture of membranes
APL Acute promyelocytic leukemia HDL-C High density lipoprotein cholesterol PSVT Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia
aPTT Activated partial thromboplastin time HER2 Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 PT Prothrombin time
ARB Angiotensin receptor blocker HF Heart failure PTH Parathyroid hormone
ARDS Acute respiratory distress syndrome HFA Hydrofluoroalkane PTSD Post-traumatic stress disorder
ASA-PS

American Society of Anesthesiologists - Physical Status (ASA-PS)

I: Normal, healthy patient

II: Patient having mild systemic disease

III: Patient having severe systemic disease

IV: Patient having severe systemic disease which is a constant threat to life

V: Moribund patient; not expected to survive without the procedure

VI: Patient declared brain-dead; organs being removed for donor purposes
HFSA Heart Failure Society of America PTT Partial thromboplastin time
AST Aspartate aminotransferase (formerly called SGOT) HIV Human immunodeficiency virus PUD Peptic ulcer disease
ATP Adenosine triphosphate HMG-CoA 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A PVB Premature ventricular beats
AUC Area under the curve (area under the serum concentration-time curve) HOCM Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy PVC Polyvinyl chloride
A-V Atrial-ventricular HPA Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal PVD Peripheral vascular disease
AVNRT Atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia HPLC High performance liquid chromatography PVR Peripheral vascular resistance
AVRT Atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia HSV Herpes simplex virus QTc Corrected QT interval
BCRP Breast cancer resistance protein HTC Hematopoietic cell transplantation QTc-F Corrected QT interval - Fridericia
BDI Beck Depression Inventory HTN Hypertension R Ringer's injection
BEC Blood ethanol concentration HUS Hemolytic uremic syndrome RA Rheumatoid arthritis
BLS Basic life support IBD Inflammatory bowel disease RAP Right arterial pressure
BMI Body mass index IBS Irritable bowel syndrome RDA Recommended daily allowance
BMT Bone marrow transplant IBW Ideal body weight REM Rapid eye movement
BP Blood pressure ICD Implantable cardioverter defibrillator REMS Risk evaluation and mitigation strategies
BPD Bronchopulmonary disease or dysplasia ICH Intracranial hemorrhage RIA Radioimmunoassay
BPH Benign prostatic hyperplasia ICP Intracranial pressure RNA Ribonucleic acid
BPRS Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale IDDM Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus RPLS Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome
BSA Body surface area IDSA Infectious Diseases Society of America RSV Respiratory syncytial virus
BSEP Bile salt export pump IgG Immune globulin G SA Sinoatrial
BUN Blood urea nitrogen IM Intramuscular SAD Seasonal affective disorder
CABG Coronary artery bypass graft ILCOR International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation SAH Subarachnoid hemorrhage
CAD Coronary artery disease INR International normalized ratio SBE Subacute bacterial endocarditis
CADD Computer ambulatory drug delivery Int. unit International unit SBP Systolic blood pressure
cAMP Cyclic adenosine monophosphate I.O. or IO Intraosseous Scr Serum creatinine
CAN Canadian I & O Input and output SCLC Small cell lung cancer
CAPD Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis IOP Intraocular pressure SERM Selective estrogen receptor modulator
CAS Chemical abstract service IQ Intelligence quotient SGA Small for gestational age
CBC Complete blood count I.T. or IT Intrathecal SGOT Serum glutamic oxaloacetic aminotransferase
CBT Cognitive behavioral therapy ITP Immune thrombocytopenia SGPT Serum glutamic pyruvate transaminase
CDC Centers for Disease Control and Prevention IUD Intrauterine device SI International System of Units or Systeme international d'Unites
CF Cystic fibrosis IUGR Intrauterine growth retardation SIADH Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion
CFC Chlorofluorocarbons IUS Intrauterine system SIDS Sudden infant death syndrome
CGI Clinical Global Impression IV Intravenous SL Sodium lactate
CHD Coronary heart disease IVH Intraventricular hemorrhage SLCO1B1 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1
CHF Congestive heart failure; chronic heart failure IVP Intravenous push SLE Systemic lupus erythematosus
CI Cardiac index IVPB Intravenous piggyback SLEDD Sustained low-efficiency daily diafiltration
CIE Chemotherapy-induced emesis JIA Juvenile idiopathic arthritis SNRI Serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor
C-II Schedule two controlled substance JNC Joint National Committee SR Sustained release
C-III Schedule three controlled substance JRA Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis SRI Serotonin reuptake inhibitor
C-IV Schedule four controlled substance kg Kilogram SSKI Saturated solution of potassium iodide
C-V Schedule five controlled substance KIU Kallikrein inhibitor unit SSRIs Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
CIV Continuous intravenous infusion KOH Potassium hydroxide STD Sexually transmitted disease
Clcr Creatinine clearance LAMM L-α-acetyl methadol STEMI ST-elevation myocardial infarction
CLL Chronic lymphocytic leukemia LDH Lactate dehydrogenase SUBQ, SubQ Subcutaneous
Cmax Maximum plasma concentration LDL-C Low density lipoprotein cholesterol SVR Systemic vascular resistance
Cmin Minimum plasma concentration LE Lupus erythematosus SVT Supraventricular tachycardia
CML Chronic myelogenous leukemia LFT Liver function test SWFI Sterile water for injection
CMV Cytomegalovirus LGA Large for gestational age SWI Sterile water for injection
CNS Central nervous system or coagulase negative staphylococcus LH Luteinizing hormone Half-life
COLD Chronic obstructive lung disease LP Lumbar posture T3 Triiodothyronine
COMT Catechol-O-methyltransferase LR Lactated Ringer's solution T4 Thyroxine
COPD Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease LV Left ventricular TB Tuberculosis
COX Cyclooxygenase LVEF Left ventricular ejection fraction TC Total cholesterol
CPK Creatine phosphokinase LVH Left ventricular hypertrophy TCA Tricyclic antidepressant
CPR Cardiopulmonary resuscitation MAC Mycobacterium avium complex TD Tardive dyskinesia
CRF Chronic renal failure MADRS Montgomery Asbery Depression Rating Scale TG Triglyceride
CRP C-reactive protein MAO Monoamine oxidase TIA Transient ischemic attack
CrCl Creatinine clearance MAOIs Monamine oxidase inhibitors TIBC Total iron binding capacity
CRRT Continuous renal replacement therapy MAP Mean arterial pressure TMA Thrombotic microangiopathy
CSF Cerebrospinal fluid MDD Major depressive disorder Tmax Time to maximum observed concentration, plasma
CSII Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion MDR1 Multidrug resistence protein 1 TNF Tumor necrosis factor
CT Computed tomography MDRD Modification of diet in renal disease TPN Total parenteral nutrition
CVA Cerebrovascular accident MDRSP Multidrug resistant streptococcus pneumoniae TSH Thyroid stimulating hormone
CVP Central venous pressure MI Myocardial infarction TT Thrombin time
CVVH Continuous venovenous hemofiltration MME Morphine milligram equivalents UA Urine analysis
CVVHD Continuous venovenous hemodialysis MMSE Mini mental status examination UC Ulcerative colitis
CVVHDF Continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration M/P Milk to plasma ratio UGT UDP-glucuronosyltransferase
CYP Cytochrome MPS I Mucopolysaccharidosis I ULN Upper limits of normal
D5¼NS Dextrose 5% in sodium chloride 0.2% MRHD Maximum recommended human dose URI Upper respiratory infection
D5½NS Dextrose 5% in sodium chloride 0.45% MRI Magnetic resonance imaging USAN United States Adopted Names
D5LR Dextrose 5% in lactated Ringer's MRP2 Multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 USP United States Pharmacopeia
D5NS Dextrose 5% in sodium chloride 0.9% MRSA Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus UTI Urinary tract infection
D5W Dextrose 5% in water MUGA Multiple gated acquisition scan UV Ultraviolet
D10W Dextrose 10% in water NAEPP National Asthma Education and Prevention Program Vd Volume of distribution
DBP Diastolic blood pressure NAS Neonatal abstinence syndrome Vdss Volume of distribution at steady-state
DEHP Di(3-ethylhexyl)phthalate NCI National Cancer Institute VEGF Vascular endothelial growth factor
DIC Disseminated intravascular coagulation ND Nasoduodenal VF Ventricular fibrillation
DLco Pulmonary diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide NF National Formulary VLBW Very low birth weight
DM Diabetes mellitus NFD Nephrogenic fibrosing dermopathy VMA Vanillylmandelic acid
DMARD Disease modifying antirheumatic drug NG Nasogastric VT Ventricular tachycardia
DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid NHL Non-Hodgkin lymphoma VTE Venous thromboembolism
DSC Discontinued NIDDM Noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus vWD Von Willebrand disease
DSM-IV Diagnostic and Statistical Manual NIOSH National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health VZV Varicella zoster virus
DVT Deep vein thrombosis NIH National Institute of Health WBC White blood cell [count]
EBV Epstein-Barr virus NKA No known allergies WHO World Health Organization
ECG Electrocardiogram NKDA No known drug allergies w/v Weight in volume
ECHO Echocardiogram NMDA N-methyl-d-aspartate w/w Weight in weight
eGFR Estimated glomerular filtration rate NMS Neuroleptic malignant syndrome XR Extended release
ECMO Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation NNRTI Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor YBOC Yale Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale
ECT Electroconvulsive therapy NRTI Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor YMRS Young Mania Rating Scale
ED Emergency department NS Normal saline (0.9% sodium chloride)    
Abbreviation Meaning Abbreviation Meaning Abbreviation Meaning
Common weights, measures, or apothecary abbreviations that may be used in UpToDate Lexidrug*
< Less than g Gram oz Ounce
> Greater than gr Grain pc, post cib After meals
Less than or equal to gtt One drop PM Afternoon or evening
Greater than or equal to h Hour P.O. By mouth
ac Before meals or food hs At bedtime P.R. Rectally
ad To, up to IN Intranasal prn As needed
ad lib At pleasure IT Intrathecal pulv A powder
AM Morning kcal Kilocalorie q Every
AMA Against medical advice kg Kilogram qad Every other day
amp Ampul L Liter qd Every day, daily
amt Amount liq A liquor, solution qh Every hour
aq Water M Molar qid Four times a day
aq. dest. Distilled water mcg Microgram qod Every other day
ASAP As soon as possible m. dict As directed qs A sufficient quantity
a.u. Each ear mEq Milliequivalent qs ad A sufficient quantity to make
bid Twice daily mg Milligram Rx Prescription drugs
bm Bowel movement microL Microliter S.L. Sublingual
C Celsius, centigrade min Minute stat At once, immediately
cal Calorie mL Milliliter SUBQ, SubQ Subcutaneous
cap Capsule mm Millimeter supp Suppository
cc Cubic centimeter mM Millimole syr Syrup
cm Centimeter mmHg Millimeters of mercury tab Tablet
comp Compound mo Month tal Such
cont Continue mOsm Milliosmoles tbsp Tablespoon
d Day ng Nanogram tid Three times a day
d/c Discharge nmol Nanomole tr, tinct Tincture
dil Dilute no. Number trit Triturate
disp Dispense noc In the night tsp Teaspoon
div Divide non rep Do not repeat, no refills u.d. As directed
dtd Give of such a dose NPO Nothing by mouth ung Ointment
Dx Diagnosis NV Nausea and vomiting v.o. Verbal order
elix, el Elixir O, Oct One pint w.a. While awake
emp As directed o.d. Right eye x3 Three times
et And o.l. Left eye x4 Four times
ex aq In water o.s. Left eye y Year
F Fahrenheit o.u. Each eye    
Age group definitions used in UpToDate Lexidrug (unless otherwise specified within the monograph)
  • Neonate: 0 to 28 days of age
    • Gestational age (GA)[1]: Number of weeks from the first day of the mother's last menstrual period (LMP) until birth. For methods of assessing GA (eg, New Ballard score) refer to UpToDate topic review of postnatal assessment of gestational age.
    • Postnatal age (PNA)[1]: Chronological age since birth.
    • Postmenstrual age (PMA)[1]: PMA is calculated as gestational age plus postnatal age (PMA = GA + PNA).
    • Preterm neonateΔ[2]: Neonate born at <37 weeks gestational age.
    • Term neonate[2]: Neonate born at 37 weeks 0 days to 41 weeks 6 days (average ~40 weeks) gestational age.
  • Infant: >28 days to 1 year of age
  • Children: 1 to 12 years of age
  • Adolescent: 13 to 18 years of age
  • Adult: >18 years of age
  • Older adult (geriatric): ≥65 years of age
NOTE: Country code definitions used in the "Brand Names: International" field of UpToDate Lexidrug are provided in a separate table available in the international brand names field of each monograph.

* Additional abbreviations used and defined within a specific drug monograph or text piece may only apply to that text.

¶ These abbreviations are considered error-prone according to the Institute for Safe Medicine Practices.[3]

Δ May also be described as premature neonate in some references.

◊ Pregnant, postpartum, or lactating adolescent females are considered within adult information unless otherwise specified.
References:
  1. Engle WA, American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Fetus and Newborn. Age terminology during the perinatal period. Pediatrics 2004; 114:1362.
  2. Fleischman AR, Oinuma M, Clark SL. Rethinking the definition of "term pregnancy." Obstet Gynecol 2010; 116:136.
  3. The Institute for Safe Medication Practices (ISMP). List of Error-Prone Abbreviations, Symbols, and Dose Designations. Available at: http://www.ismp.org/recommendations/error-prone-abbreviations-list (Accessed on February 15, 2021).

Adapted with permission from: UpToDate Lexidrug. Copyright © 2024 UpToDate, Inc. and its affiliates and/or licensors. All rights reserved.

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