| Inadequate calorie intake | | Weight gain during refeeding | | Inappropriate feeding technique | | Disturbed mother/child relationship* | | Inappropriate nutrient intake (eg, excess fruit juice consumption) | | Factitious food allergy | | Inadequate quantity of food | | Inappropriate food for age | | Neglect | | No weight gain during refeeding | | Psychosocial problems* | | Maternal/infant dysfunction | | Economic deprivation | | Mechanical problems- adenoidal hypertrophy, dental lesions | | Insufficient lactation in mother | | Cleft palate | | Nasal obstruction | | Sucking or swallowing dysfunction (CNS, neuromuscular, esophageal motility problems) | | Regurgitation (eg, gastroesophageal reflux disease) | | Malformation | | Congenital syndromes (eg, alcohol, pheytoin, drugs) | | Genetic syndromes (eg, Turner syndrome) | | Inadequate appetite or inability to eat large amounts | | Psychosocial problems (eg, apathy*) | | Cardiopulmonary disease | | Hypotonia (eg, muscle weakness) | | Anorexia of chronic infection | | Immune deficiency diseases (eg, HIV infection) | | Endocrine disorders (eg, hypothyroidism, diabetes insipidus) | | CNS tumors | | Genetic syndromes | | Metabolic conditions (eg, lead toxicity, iron or zinc deficiency) | | Anemia | | Chronic constipation | | Disturbance in appetite and satiety | | | Inadequate calorie absorption | | No weight gain during refeeding; increased losses | | Psychosocial problems (eg, refeeding diarrhea, intercurrent illnesses, rumination, regurgitation)* | | Malabsorption (eg, diarrhea [lactose intolerance, cystic fibrosis, cardiac disease, intestinal malrotation, IBS, milk allergy, parasites, celiac disease]) | | Vomiting or "spitting up" or diarrhea (eg, gastroenteritis) | | Intestinal tract obstruction (eg, pyloric stenosis, hernia, malrotation, intussusception, chalasia) | | Biliary atresia/cirrhosis | | CNS problems (eg, increased ICP [subdural hematoma]) | | Chronic metabolic problems (hypercalcemia, storage diseases, and inborn errors of metabolism such as galactosemia, methylmalonic acidemia, renal tubular acidosis, diabetes mellitus, adrenal insufficiency) | | Increased calorie requirements | | Hyperthyroidism | | Cerebral palsy | | Malignancy | | Chronic systemic disease (eg, juvenile idiopathic arthritis) | | Chronic systemic infection (eg, UTI, tuberculosis, toxoplasmosis) | | Chronic respiratory insufficiency (eg, bronchopulmonary dysplasia) | | Congenital or acquired heart disease | | Anemia | | Toxins (eg, lead) | |
