Version May 2024
| Aura (None) |
| Tonic phase (10 to 20 seconds) |
| Sudden loss of consciousness |
| Loss of posture with high risk of self injury depending on activity |
| Brief flexion of arms, eyes deviated upward |
| Extension of back, neck, arms, and legs |
| Involuntary crying out from contraction of respiratory muscles |
| Shallow respiration, cyanosis may occur |
| Ends with tremors that gradually slow and merge with clonic phase |
| Clonic phase (30 to 90 seconds) |
| Brief, violent, generalized flexor contractions alternating with progressively longer muscle relaxation |
| Cyanosis |
| Possible cheek or tongue biting |
| Foamy salivation |
| Possible loss of bowel or bladder control |
| Ends with deep inspiration, sustained muscle relaxation |
| Postictal phase (Minutes to several hours) |
| Headache, mild confusion |
| Muscles sore |
| Fatigue, patient may sleep and awake refreshed |
| Other features |
| Fast heart rate |
| Elevated blood pressure |
| Respiratory and metabolic acidosis |
| Dilated pupils |
| Risk of vertebral fracture, pneumonia |
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