Features of neurofibromatosis type 1 as a function of the age when they may first be apparent

Birth through age 2 years

Café-au-lait spots, pseudoarthrosis, sphenoid wing dysplasia, optic pathway gliomas, plexiform neurofibromas (rarely)

Ages 2 through 6 years

Axillary freckling, Lisch nodules, optic pathway gliomas, other CNS tumors, learning disabilities or speech delay, plexiform neurofibromas

6 to 10 years

Learning disabilities, attention deficit disorders, scoliosis, plexiform neurofibromas, increased risk of other cancer types (eg, rhabdomyosarcomas), headaches

Adolescence

Subcutaneous and cutaneous neurofibromas, malignant transformation of preexisting plexiform neurofibromas, isolated MPNST, hypertension

Adulthood

Increasing number of cutaneous and subcutaneous neurofibromas, MPNST, hypertension

CNS: central nervous system; MPNST: malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors.

Modified with permission and updated from: Plon SE, Riccardo VM. In: Oksi's Pediatrics: Principles and Practice, McMillan JA, DeAngelis CD, Feigin RD, Warshaw JB (Eds), Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia 1999. Copyright © 1999 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

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Features of neurofibromatosis type 1 as a function of the age when they may first be apparent