Version June 2024
| Diagnostic tool | Comments |
| Radiographic appearance | Lung: variable; alveolar or reticulonodular infiltrates |
| Brain: hypodense lesions | |
| Microscopy | Potassium hydroxide ± calcoflour white stains: septate, branching hyphae at 45° angles |
| Culture | |
| Macroscopic appearance | Scedosporium apiospermum: rapid growing, cottony, white or gray, then gray or brown with age |
| Lomentospora prolificans: white, cottony, with a greenish-gray to dark green reverse | |
| Microscopic appearance | S. apiospermum: cylindrical, single, uninucleate, nonpigmented conidiogenous cells; cleistothecia may be produced |
| L. prolificans: flask-shaped, basally swollen or inflated, clustered, nonpigmented conidiogenous cells | |
| Histopathology | Septate hyphae branching at 45° angle in inflammation, including granulomata and necrosis; adventitious sporulation may be present |
| Molecular methods | Investigational; PCR and sequencing have been used for laboratory identification and outbreak investigations |
| MALDI-TOF mass spectroscopy | Able to identify and discriminate among different Scedosporium and Lomentospora species but requires a database of fungal species |
| Antigen detection | 1,3-beta-D-glucan antigen testing may be helpful but needs further validation; this assay may be positive in the setting of a variety of invasive fungal infections |
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