Endogenous pathway of lipid metabolism

The endogenous pathway begins with the synthesis in the liver of nascent VLDL particles, containing apolipoproteins (apo) B-100 and E. Cholesteryl esters and other apolipoproteins, some of which are derived from HDL catabolism, are added to form the mature VLDL particle. The lipolytic action of lipoprotein lipase (for which apo C-II is the primary ligand) cleaves VLDL into smaller VLDL remnants that are enriched in apo B-100 and E. The remnants are either cleared by the LDL and remnant receptors in the liver or hydrolyzed by hepatic triglyceride lipase to yield LDL particles containing apo B-100.