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خرید پکیج
تعداد آیتم قابل مشاهده باقیمانده : 3 مورد
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Staging ovarian, fallopian tubal, and peritoneal cancer (TNM and International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics [FIGO])

Staging ovarian, fallopian tubal, and peritoneal cancer (TNM and International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics [FIGO])
Primary tumor (T)
TNM categories FIGO stages Definition
TX   Primary tumor cannot be assessed
T0   No evidence of primary tumor
T1 I Tumor confined to ovaries or fallopian tubes
T1a IA Tumor limited to one ovary (capsule intact) or fallopian tube; no tumor on ovarian or fallopian tube surface; no malignant cells in ascites or peritoneal washings
T1b IB Tumor limited to both ovaries (capsules intact) or fallopian tubes; no tumor on ovarian or fallopian tube surface; no malignant cells in ascites or peritoneal washings
T1c IC Tumor limited to one or both ovaries or fallopian tubes, with any of the following:
IC1 Surgical spill
IC2 Capsule ruptured before surgery or tumor on ovarian or fallopian tube surface
IC3 Malignant cells in the ascites or peritoneal washings
T2 II Tumor involves one or both ovaries or fallopian tubes with pelvic extension (below pelvic brim) or peritoneal cancer*
T2a IIA Extension and/or implants on uterus and/or tube(s) and/or ovaries
T2b IIB Extension to other pelvic intraperitoneal tissues
T3 III Tumor involves one or both ovaries or fallopian tubes, or peritoneal cancer, with cytologically or histologically confirmed spread to the peritoneum outside the pelvis and/or metastasis to the retroperitoneal lymph nodes
T3a IIIA Positive retroperitoneal lymph nodes and/or microscopic metastasis beyond pelvis
IIIA1 Positive retroperitoneal lymph nodes only (cytologically or histologically proven)
IIIA1 (i) Metastasis up to 10 mm in greatest dimension
IIIA1 (ii) Metastasis more than 10 mm in greatest dimension
IIIA2 Microscopic extrapelvic (above the pelvic brim) peritoneal involvement, with or without positive retroperitoneal lymph nodes
T3b IIIB Macroscopic peritoneal metastasis beyond pelvis up to 2 cm in greatest dimension, with or without positive retroperitoneal lymph nodes
T3c IIIC Macroscopic peritoneal metastasis beyond pelvis more than 2 cm in greatest dimension (includes extension of tumor to capsule of liver and spleen without parenchymal involvement of either organ), with or without positive retroperitoneal lymph nodes
Regional lymph nodes (N)
TNM categories FIGO stages Definition
NX   Regional lymph nodes cannot be assessed
N0   No regional lymph node metastasis
N1 III Regional lymph node metastasis
Distant metastasis (M)
TNM categories FIGO stages Definition
M0   No distant metastasis
M1 IV Distant metastasis (excludes peritoneal metastasis)
IVA Pleural effusion with positive cytology
IVB Parenchymal metastases and metastases to extra-abdominal organs (including inguinal lymph nodes and lymph nodes outside the abdominal cavity)
pTNM pathologic classification. The pT, pN, and pM categories correspond to the T, N, and M categories.
Anatomic stage/prognostic groups
Stage I T1 N0 M0
Stage IA T1a N0 M0
Stage IB T1b N0 M0
Stage IC T1c N0 M0
Stage II T2 N0 M0
Stage IIA T2a N0 M0
Stage IIB T2b N0 M0
Stage IIC T2c N0 M0
Stage III T3 N0 or N1 M0
Stage IIIA T3a N0 M0
  ≤T3a N1  
Stage IIIB T3b N0 or N1 M0
Stage IIIC T3c N0 or N1 M0
Stage IV Any T Any N M1
NOTE: cTNM is the clinical classification, pTNM is the pathologic classification.
* Dense adhesions with histologically proven tumor cells justify upgrading to stage II.
¶ Transmural bowel infiltration or umbilical deposit are stage IVB.
References:
  1. The American Joint Committee on Cancer, AJCC Cancer Staging Manual, Seventh Edition, New York: Springer, 2010.
  2. Prat J. Staging classification for cancer of the ovary, fallopian tube, and peritoneum. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2014; 124:1.
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