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Patient education: Diaper rash (The Basics)

Patient education: Diaper rash (The Basics)

What is a diaper rash? — A diaper rash is a skin rash that happens anywhere in the area that is covered by a diaper. Diaper rashes are very common. They can occur in any baby or child who wears a diaper.

Most diaper rashes can be treated at home and go away after a few days.

What causes diaper rash? — Diaper rash can be caused by:

Urine or bowel movement in a diaper – These can irritate the skin. Diaper rashes are especially common after a baby has diarrhea or has taken antibiotic medicines.

Perfumes or dyes in a diaper that a baby's skin is allergic to

Skin conditions or infections that happen in the diaper area but are not caused by wearing a diaper

What are the symptoms of a diaper rash? — Symptoms depend on the cause of the rash. They can include:

Red, painful, or itchy skin (picture 1 and picture 2)

Raised, peeling, or scaly areas

If a baby's diaper rash is caused by a skin condition or infection, the rash can be on other body parts, too.

Should I see a doctor or nurse? — Most people can treat the rash at home and do not need to see a doctor or nurse. But see a doctor or nurse if:

The rash gets worse or doesn't get better after a few days of treatment.

Your baby has diarrhea or a fever of 100.4°F (38°C) or higher.

How do I treat a diaper rash?

Take the diaper off to air out the skin as much as possible.

Check your baby's diaper every 2 or 3 hours. Change it when it is wet.

Change your baby's diaper right after each bowel movement.

Gently clean the area covered by the diaper – Use warm water and a soft cloth. If you use soap, use one that is mild and unscented, and only use small amounts. If the skin is peeling or sore, you can use a plastic squeeze bottle filled with warm water. Pat the area dry with a soft towel after. If water is not available, clean the skin with unscented, alcohol-free baby wipes.

Put a skin ointment or paste on the area each time you change the diaper – Use a product that has zinc oxide or petrolatum in it.

Use disposable diapers instead of cloth diapers (when your baby has a diaper rash).

If the rash is severe or infected, your doctor might prescribe a medicine to use on the area.

How can diaper rashes be prevented? — To help prevent your baby from getting a diaper rash, you can:

Change your baby's diaper often.

Clean the diaper area gently – Use warm water and a soft cloth. If you use soap, use one that is mild and unscented. Pat the area dry with a soft towel after.

Use unscented baby wipes without alcohol (if you use baby wipes).

Use a diaper ointment or paste on the area each time you change the diaper.

More on this topic

Patient education: Contact dermatitis (The Basics)
Patient education: Diarrhea in children (The Basics)

Patient education: Diaper rash in infants and children (Beyond the Basics)
Patient education: Contact dermatitis (including latex dermatitis) (Beyond the Basics)
Patient education: Seborrheic dermatitis (including dandruff and cradle cap) (Beyond the Basics)
Patient education: Acute diarrhea in children (Beyond the Basics)

This topic retrieved from UpToDate on: Feb 02, 2024.
Disclaimer: This generalized information is a limited summary of diagnosis, treatment, and/or medication information. It is not meant to be comprehensive and should be used as a tool to help the user understand and/or assess potential diagnostic and treatment options. It does NOT include all information about conditions, treatments, medications, side effects, or risks that may apply to a specific patient. It is not intended to be medical advice or a substitute for the medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment of a health care provider based on the health care provider's examination and assessment of a patient's specific and unique circumstances. Patients must speak with a health care provider for complete information about their health, medical questions, and treatment options, including any risks or benefits regarding use of medications. This information does not endorse any treatments or medications as safe, effective, or approved for treating a specific patient. UpToDate, Inc. and its affiliates disclaim any warranty or liability relating to this information or the use thereof. The use of this information is governed by the Terms of Use, available at https://www.wolterskluwer.com/en/know/clinical-effectiveness-terms. 2024© UpToDate, Inc. and its affiliates and/or licensors. All rights reserved.
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