Contraindications to traveling by air for patients with cardiac disease

Severe, acute, or decompensated conditions

Unstable angina
Acute decompensated heart failure within the past 6 weeks
High-grade ventricular premature beats or uncontrolled ventricular or supraventricular arrhythmias
Congenital heart disease with pulmonary hypertension
Symptomatic valvular heart disease (relative contraindication)
Severe hypertension (≥180/120 mmHg)

Recent cardiac events

Recent myocardial infarction within 1 to 2 weeks*
Percutaneous coronary intervention within 2 days*
Coronary artery bypass graft surgery within 10 to 14 days*
Cerebrovascular accident within 14 days

* Recommended time intervals for avoiding air travel may be shorter or longer than the listed intervals depending on individual patient risk factors, complications, and preference of the treating clinician. Specific guidelines also provide varying recommendations. Refer to UpToDate text for details.

Adapted from: Smith D, Toff W, Joy M, et al. Fitness to fly for passengers with cardiovascular disease. Heart 2010; 96:ii1.

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Contraindications to traveling by air for patients with cardiac disease