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Parameters that may be used to predict difficulty with airway management

Parameters that may be used to predict difficulty with airway management
Facial and jaw features Anatomical measures and ratios
Mouth opening Mallampati and modified Mallampati scores
Ability to prognath Thyromental distance
Head and neck mobility Sternomental distance
Prominent upper incisors Interincisor distance
Presence of a beard Neck circumference
Upper lip bite test Ratio of neck circumference to thyromental distance
  Ratio of height to thyromental distance
  Hyomental distance
  Ratio of neck circumference to hyomental distance
This table shows various physical characteristics that may be assessed as part of the preoperative airway examination, as listed in the 2022 ASA Practice Guidelines for Management of the Difficult Airway. These measurements have high predictive and comparative variability, with a wide range of sensitivity and specificity. The guidelines recommend assessing multiple airway features; choice of the components should be at the discretion of the clinician. For further information on airway assessment and nonreassuring findings for some of the parameters in this table, refer to UpToDate content on airway management for induction of anesthesia.
ASA: American Society of Anesthesiologists.

Reference:

  1. Apfelbaum JL, Hagberg CA, Connis RT, et al. 2022 American Society of Anesthesiologists Practice Guidelines for Management of the Difficult Airway. Anesthesiology 2022; 136:31.

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