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خرید پکیج

تعداد آیتم قابل مشاهده باقیمانده : 3 مورد

Clinical and neuroimaging features of intracerebral hemorrhage associated with underlying causes

Clinical and neuroimaging features of intracerebral hemorrhage associated with underlying causes

Specifying ICH feature	Characteristic underlying cause	Other associated features	Alternative underlying causes
Basal ganglia or brainstem location	Deep perforating vasculopathy (HTN)	CMBs in basal ganglia, thalamus, pons, cerebellar nuclei Subcortical white matter lesions on MRI Deep perforating territory ischemic infarcts Clinical history of HTN or diabetes mellitus
Lobar location	Cerebral amyloid angiopathy	Cortico-subcortical CMBs Convexal superficial siderosis Clinical history of cognitive impairment	Deep penetrating vasculopathy (HTN)
Intraventricular hemorrhage	Arteriovenous malformation	Flow voids within or adjacent to ICH Calcification within or adjacent to ICH	Deep penetrating vasculopathy (HTN) Cavernous malformation
Small ICH with adjacent calcification	Cavernous malformation	T2-weighted image hyperintensity at center on MRI Peripheral rim of T2*-weighted gradient echo image hypointensity on MRI	Deep penetrating vasculopathy (HTN)
Subarachnoid hemorrhage – Basal cisterns	Ruptured cerebral aneurysm	SAH predominates over basal surfaces Clinical history of thunderclap headache	Perimesencephalic hemorrhage Non-aneurysmal SAH
Subarachnoid hemorrhage – Convexity	Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome	Hemispheric or cortical ICH Clinical history of recurrent thunderclap headache	Trauma Cerebral amyloid angiopathy Cerebral venous thrombosis Arteriovenous malformation
Simultaneous acute infarcts	Infective endocarditis	CMBs Mycotic aneurysms (typically distal arterial locations) Systemic/cutaneous evidence of embolism New heart murmur	Cerebral amyloid angiopathy Deep penetrating vasculopathy (HTN)
Simultaneous acute infarcts	Cerebral vasculitis	Multifocal segmental narrowing on vascular imaging Clinical history of new persistent headaches Progressive cognitive or other neurologic impairment
Prominent edema	Cerebral sinus thrombosis	Edema/hemorrhage extends to cortical surface Venous flow void (eg, delta and empty-delta signs) Clinical history of seizure or progressive headache	Subacute ICH of other etiologies
	Tumor (primary/metastatic)	Multifocal lesions Contrast enhancement Clinical history of new persistent headaches Clinical exam findings may be milder than imaging abnormalities
	Hemorrhagic transformation of infarct	(Cytotoxic) Edema appears in distribution of arterial territory Arterial stenosis or occlusion proximal to territory of hemorrhage Clinical history of ischemic risk factors
Flow voids	Moyamoya	Basal ganglia or hemispheric location Bilateral (but may be asymmetric) narrowing of distal internal carotid or proximal anterior/middle cerebral arteries Clinical history of episodes of transient weakness with vigorous laughing/crying (Prominent cause of ICH and infarcts in children)	Arteriovenous malformation

ICH: intracerebral hemorrhage; HTN: hypertension; CMB: cerebral microbleeds; MRI: magnetic resonance imaging; SAH: subarachnoid hemorrhage.

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