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خرید پکیج
تعداد آیتم قابل مشاهده باقیمانده : 3 مورد
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Mechanisms of drug-associated anemia

Mechanisms of drug-associated anemia
Type of anemia Mechanism(s) Examples of implicated medications
Iron deficiency Gastrointestinal mucosal irritation
  • Aspirin
  • NSAIDs
  • Glucocorticoids
Vitamin B12 deficiency Impaired absorption due to increased gastric pH
  • Proton pump inhibitors
  • H2 receptor blockers
  • Antacids
Altered calcium homeostasis
  • Metformin
Inactivation
  • Nitrous oxide
Folate deficiency Interference with folate metabolism
  • Methotrexate
  • Certain antibiotics (trimethoprim, pyrimethamine)
  • Antiseizure medications (phenytoin, valproate, carbamazepine)
Hemolysis Immune-mediated
  • Antibiotics
  • Anti-cancer drugs
  • Lorazepam
  • Others (refer to separate UpToDate table for extensive list)
Oxidative stress
  • Antibiotics (primaquine, dapsone)
  • Phenazopyridine
  • Others (refer to separate UpToDate table)
Methemoglobinemia
  • Benzocaine (topical)
  • Lidocaine
  • Nitrites
Thrombotic microangiopathy
  • Quinine
  • Chemotherapy agents (gemcitabine, others)
  • Immunosuppressive therapies
  • Others (refer to separate UpToDate table)
Impaired bone marrow function Impaired DNA synthesis
  • Hydroxyurea
  • Chemotherapy agents
Sideroblastic anemia
  • Isoniazid
  • Chloramphenicol
  • Linezolid
  • Chemotherapy agents
  • Zinc
Myelodysplastic syndrome
  • Alkylating agents (melphalan, cyclophosphamide, carboplatin, cisplatin, others)
  • Topoisomerase II inhibitors (vincristine, vinblastine)
  • Others
Numerous medicines can cause anemia by a variety of mechanisms; this table is only intended to illustrate selected examples. Iron deficiency and vitamin deficiencies should be corrected by repletion of iron or vitamins as appropriate. Additional evaluations for a source of gastrointestinal blood loss are generally indicated. Refer to UpToDate topics on specific causes of anemia for details of the mechanisms, likelihood of anemia, evaluation, and management.
NSAIDs: nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs.
Graphic 131773 Version 2.0

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