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خرید پکیج
تعداد آیتم قابل مشاهده باقیمانده : 3 مورد
نسخه الکترونیک
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Symptoms of thrombosis and their diagnostic evaluation in VITT (vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia)

Symptoms of thrombosis and their diagnostic evaluation in VITT (vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia)
Site of thrombosis Typical presenting symptoms Diagnostic imaging and caveats*
Cerebral veins and dural venous sinuses
  • New, persistent headache
  • Vomiting
  • Visual impairment
  • Focal neurologic deficits or seizures
  • Encephalopathy
  • Magnetic resonance venography
  • Conventional angiography
  • Brain MRI (note: CT is often normal and is thus unreliable)
Splanchnic veins (splenic, portal, mesenteric)
  • Severe abdominal pain
  • Back pain
  • CT with contrast
  • Doppler ultrasound
DVT of the leg
  • Leg pain
  • Leg swelling/edema
  • Compression ultrasonography with Doppler
Pulmonary embolism
  • Acute chest pain
  • Dyspnea
  • CT pulmonary angiography
  • Ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) scan
Ophthalmic vein thrombosis
  • Orbital pain
  • Diplopia or vision loss
  • MRI
  • Magnetic resonance venography
Ischemic stroke
  • Sudden onset focal neurologic deficit
  • Encephalopathy
  • Brain MRI and/or head CT
  • CT or magnetic resonance angiography of the head and neck
Acute limb ischemia
  • Pain
  • Pulseless pallor
  • Neurologic deficits (sensory or motor)
  • CT angiography
  • Catheter-based angiography
Additional testing includes CBC with platelet count, anti-PF4 antibody testing (ELISA and/or functional assay), and coagulation testing (PT, aPTT, fibrinogen, and D-dimer).
VITT: vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia; MRI: magnetic resonance imaging; CT: computed tomography; DVT: deep vein thrombosis; CBC: complete blood count; PF4: platelet factor 4; ELISA: enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; PT: prothrombin time; aPTT: activated partial thromboplastin time.
* This is a general guide. Refer to UpToDate for detailed information on associated laboratory testing, interpretation of imaging results, and diagnostic algorithms.
Graphic 131492 Version 1.0

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