Version May 2024
| Organism | Infection | Mechanism |
| Bacterial infections | ||
| Treponema pallidum | Neurosyphilis | Vasculitis/arteritis |
| Mycobacterium tuberculosis | Tuberculous meningitis | Arteritis; meningitis |
| Chlamydia pneumoniae | Acute or chronic respiratory infections | Accelerated atherogenesis, enhanced platelet aggregation |
| Helicobacter pylori | Gastritis, peptic ulcer disease | Enhanced platelet aggregation, prothrombotic state |
| Porphyromonas gingivalis (and other periodontal pathogens) | Periodontal disease | Chronic inflammation due to infectious burden; prothrombotic state |
| Parasitic infections | ||
| Trypanosoma cruzi | Chagas disease, heart failure | Cardioembolism |
| Taenia solium | Neurocysticercosis | Arachnoiditis/small artery vasculitis; direct compression of large arteries by cysts |
| Plasmodium falciparum | Cerebral malaria | Occlusion of cerebral arteries by infected erythrocytes |
| Echinococcus granulosis | Cardiac hydatidosis; cerebral cystic echinococcosis | Cardioembolism; arterial compression from cerebral cysts |
| Schistosoma mansoni | Schistosomiasis | Microembolic borderzone infarction |
| Toxocara canis | Toxocariasis | Arachnoiditis; vasculitis |
| Spirometra species (tapeworm) | Cerebral sparganosis | Vasculitis |
| Trichinella spiralis | Neurotrichinelliasis | Microinfarction due to direct obstruction of small vessels with larvae; vasculitis |
| Fungal infections | ||
| Cryptococcus | Systemic and CNS infections (usually immunocompromised) | Meningitis; vasculitis |
| Aspergillus | Systemic and CNS infections | Arteritis, vasculopathy |
| Mucorales (including Rhizopus, Mucor, etc) | Mucormycosis | Vascular invasion of fungus, aneurysmal dilatation, vascular necrosis |
| Viral infections | ||
| HIV | HIV disease/AIDS | Vasculopathy; susceptibility to opportunistic CNS infections |
| Cytomegalovirus | Often asymptomatic, latent; occasional mononucleosis-like syndrome | Inflammatory response with accelerated atherogenesis |
| Varicella zoster virus | Chickenpox, shingles | Vasculitis/vasculopathy |
| Herpes simplex virus (types 1 and 2) | Oral and genital infections | Vasculopathy; possible stroke trigger in young people |
| Parvovirus B19 | "Fifth disease" | Possible arteriopathy |
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