Vascular anatomy of the right colon

The ileocolic artery (ICA) can emerge either posteriorly or anteriorly to the superior mesenteric vein (SMV). The right colic artery (RCA), present in approximately 60% of people, almost always emerges anteriorly to the SMV. The middle colic artery typically separates into right and left branches. Possible anatomical variations are shown. Careful analysis of preoperative computed tomography (CT) scans can delineate this vascular anatomy and significantly facilitate efficient and safe operative dissection.