Differential diagnosis of polyuria

Solute diuresis*

Glucosuria

Hyperglycemia

SGLT2 inhibitor use

Urea

Resolution from azotemia

Exogenous administration of urea

Tissue catabolism (eg, due to glucocorticoids)

Sodium (eg, due to intravenous volume expansion)

Mannitol (ie, given to patients with increased intracranial pressure)

Water diuresis^¶

Primary polydipsia

Central diabetes insipidus

Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus

Polyuria is defined as a 24-hour urine output exceeding 3 L/day in adults and 2 L/m² in children.

SGLT2: sodium-glucose co-transporter 2.
* A solute diuresis is typically associated with a urine osmolality >600 mosmol/kg and a total daily osmolar output >1000 mosmol (calculated as the urine osmolality multiplied by the 24-hour urine output).
¶ A water diuresis is typically associated with a urine osmolality <600 mosmol/kg and often <300 mosmol/kg and a total daily osmolar output <900 mosmol.

Graphic 119681 Version 2.0

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Differential diagnosis of polyuria