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Detection rates for recurrent prostate cancer in men with a rising PSA after locoregional therapy using prostate-specific radiolabeled tracers for PET, as a function of the PSA level

Detection rates for recurrent prostate cancer in men with a rising PSA after locoregional therapy using prostate-specific radiolabeled tracers for PET, as a function of the PSA level
Study PET radiotracer Percent of patients with BCR Percent of patients with positive PET/CT
PSA <1.0 PSA 1.0 to 2.0 PSA >2.0
Choline
Mitchell[1] C-11 Choline 100% (176 of 176) 44% (15 of 34) 67% (21 of 31) 86% (96 of 111)
Giovacchini[2] C-11 Choline 100% (358 of 358) 19% (27 of 141) 46% (39 of 85) 72% (95 of 132)
Richter[3] C-11 Choline 100% (73 of 73) 7% (1 of 15) 46% (6 of 13) 80% (36 of 45)
Krause[4] C-11 Choline 100% (63 of 63) 36% (8 of 22) 43% (3 of 7) 71% (24 of 34)
Castellucci[5] C-11 Choline 100% (190 of 190) 19% (10 of 51) 25% (10 of 39) 54% (54 of 100)
Nanni[6] C-11 Choline 100% (89 of 89) 14% (4 of 28) 29% (8 of 28) 55% (18 of 33)
Schwenck[7] C-11 Choline 100% (101 of 101) 44% (8 of 18) 81% (21 of 26) 89% (51 of 57)
Cimitan[8] F-18 Choline 100% (1000 of 1000) 31% (66 of 211) 43% (66 of 153) 81% (513 of 636)
Schillaci[9] F-18 Choline 100% (49 of 49) 20% (2 of 10) 56% (5 of 9) 83% (25 of 30)
Morigi[10] F-18 Methchol 100% (38 of 38) 13% (2 of 16) 36% (5 of 14) 63% (5 of 8)
PSMA
Schwenck[7] Ga-68 PSMA 100% (101 of 101) 61% (11 of 18) 76% (20 of 26) 93% (53 of 57)
Morigi[10] Ga-68 PSMA 100% (38 of 38) 50% (8 of 16) 71% (10 of 14) 88% (7 of 8)
Afshar-Oromieh[11] Ga-68 PSMA 100% (319 of 319) 53% (27 of 51) 72% (28 of 39) 92% (204 of 221)
Eiber[12] Ga-68 PSMA 100% (248 of 248) 67% (35 of 52) 93% (67 of 72) 97% (120 of 124)
Bluemel[13] Ga-68 PSMA 100% (32 of 32) 29% (4 of 14) 46% (5 of 11) 71% (5 of 7)
Verburg[14] Ga-68 PSMA 100% (155 of 155) 44% (12 of 27) 79% (15 of 19) 89% (97 of 109)
Fluciclovine
Nanni[6] F-18 FACBC 100% (89 of 89) 21% (6 of 28) 46% (13 of 28) 55% (18 of 33)
Odewole[15] F-18 FACBC 100% (53 of 53) 38% (3 of 8) 78% (7 of 9) 86% (31 of 36)
Bach-Gansmo[16] F-18 FACBC 100% (596 of 596) 41% (53 of 128) 58% (N?) 75 to 85% (N?)
Schuster[17] F-18 FACBC 100% (93 of 93)   72% (N?)  
PSA: prostate-specific antigen; PET: positron emission tomography; BCR: biochemical recurrence; CT: computed tomography; PSMA: prostate-specific membrane antigen.
References:
  1. Mitchell CR, Lowe VJ, Rangel LJ, et al. Operational characteristics of (11)c-choline positron emission tomography/computerized tomography for prostate cancer with biochemical recurrence after initial treatment. J Urol 2013; 189:1308.
  2. Giovacchini G, Picchio M, Coradeschi, et al. Predictive factors of [(11)C]choline PET/CT in patients with biochemical failure after radical prostatectomy. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2010; 37:301.
  3. Richter JA, Rodriguez M, Rioja J, et al. Dual tracer 11C-choline and FDG-PET in the diagnosis of biochemical prostate cancer relapse after radical treatment. Mol Imaging Biol 2010; 12:210.
  4. Krause BJ, Souvatzoglou M, Tuncel M, et al. The detection rate of [11C]choline-PET/CT depends on the serum PSA-value in patients with biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2008; 35:18.
  5. Castellucci P, Fuccio C, Nanni C, et al. Influence of trigger PSA and PSA kinetics on 11C-Choline PET/CT detection rate in patients with biochemical relapse after radical prostatectomy. J Nucl Med 2009; 50:1394.
  6. Nanni C, Zanoni L, Pultrone C, et al. (18)F-FACBC (anti1-amino-3-(18)F-fluorocyclobutane-1-carboxylic acid) versus (11)C-choline PET/CT in prostate cancer relapse: Results of a prospective trial. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2016; 43:1601.
  7. Schwenck J, Rempp H, Reischl G, et al. Comparison of 68Ga-labelled PSMA-11 and 11C-choline in the detection of prostate cancer metastases by PET/CT. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2017; 44:92.
  8. Cimitan M, Evangelista L, Hodolic M, et al. Gleason score at diagnosis predicts the rate of detection of 18F-choline PET/CT performed when biochemical evidence indicates recurrence of prostate cancer: Experience with 1,000 patients. J Nucl Med 2015; 56:209.
  9. Schillaci O, Calabria F, Tabolozza M, et al. Influence of PSA, PSA velocity and PSA doubling time on contrast-enhanced 18F-choline PET/CT detection rate in patients with rising PSA after radical prostatectomy. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2012; 39:589.
  10. Morigi JJ, Stricker PD, van Leeuwen PJ, et al. Prospective comparison of 18F-fluoromethylcholine versus 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT in prostate cancer patients who have rising PSA after curative treatment and are being considered for targeted therapy. J Nucl Med 2015:561185.
  11. Afshar-Oromieh A, Avtzi E, Giesel FL, et al. The diagnostic value of PET/CT imaging with the (68)Ga-labelled PSMA ligand HBED-CC in the diagnosis of recurrent prostate cancer. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2015; 42:197.
  12. Eiber M, Maurer T, Souvatzoglou M, et al. Evaluation of hybrid (6)(8)Ga-PSMA ligand PET/CT in 248 patients with biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy. J Nucl Med 2015; 56:668.
  13. Bluemel C, Krebs M, Polat B, et al. 68Ga-PSMA-PET/CT in patients with biochemical prostate cancer recurrence and negative 18F-choline-PET/CT. Clin Nucl Med 2016; 41:515.
  14. Verburg FA, Pfister D, Heidenreich A, et al. Extent of disease in recurrent prostate cancer determined by [(68)Ga]PSMA-HBED-CC PET/CT in relation to PSA levels, PSA doubling time and Gleason score. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2016; 43:397.
  15. Odewole OA, Tade FI, Nieh PT, et al. Recurrent prostate cancer detection with anti-3-[(18)F]FACBC PET/CT: Comparison with CT. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2016; 43:1773.
  16. Bach-Gansmo T, Nanni C, Nieh PT, et al. Multisite experience of the safety, detection rate and diagnostic performance of fluciclovine (18F) positron emission tomography/computerized tomography imaging in the staging of biochemically recurrent prostate cancer. J Urol 2017; 197(3 Pt 1):676.
  17. Schuster DM, Nieh PT, Jani AB, et al. Anti-3-[(18)F]FACBC positron emission tomography-computerized tomography and (111)In-capromab pendetide single photon emission computerized tomography-computerized tomography for recurrent prostate carcinoma: Results of a prospective clinical trial. J Urol 2014; 191:1446.
Reproduced from: Evans JD, Jethwa KR, Ost P, et al. Prostate cancer-specific PET radiotracers: A review on the clinical utility in recurrent disease. Pract Radiat Oncol 2018; 8:28. Table used with the permission of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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