Society guideline links: Clinical densitometry

Introduction — 

This topic includes links to society and government-sponsored guidelines from selected countries and regions around the world. We will update these links periodically; newer versions of some guidelines may be available on each society's website. Some societies may require users to log in to access their guidelines.

The recommendations in the following guidelines may vary from those that appear in UpToDate topic reviews. Readers who are looking for UpToDate topic reviews should use the UpToDate search box to find the relevant content.

Links to related guidelines are provided separately. (See "Society guideline links: Osteoporosis".)

International

●International Society for Clinical Densitometry (ISCD): Official positions

●International Late Effects of Childhood Cancer Guideline Harmonization Group (IGHG): Evidence-based recommendations on bone mineral density surveillance for childhood, adolescent, and young adult cancer survivors (2021)

Canada

●Choosing Wisely Canada: Don't order dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) screening for osteoporosis on low-risk patients. Use "risk-assessment first" screening before ordering DEXA (2024)

●Choosing Wisely Canada: Don't repeat dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scans more often than every 2 years (2024)

●Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care (CTFPHC): Recommendations on screening for primary prevention of fragility fractures (2023)

●Choosing Wisely Canada: Don't do routine bone scans in men with low-risk prostate cancer (2021)

●Canadian Association of Radiologists (CAR): Technical standards for bone mineral densitometry reporting (2013)

United States

●US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF): Final recommendation statement on osteoporosis to prevent fractures – Screening (2025)

●American College of Radiology (ACR): ACR Appropriateness Criteria on osteoporosis and bone mineral density (2022)

●Bone Health & Osteoporosis Foundation (BHOF): Clinician's guide to prevention and treatment of osteoporosis (2022)

●American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (AACE) and American College of Endocrinology (ACE): Consensus statement on the quality of DXA scans and reports (2018)

●National Bone Health Alliance (NBHA): A position statement on the clinical diagnosis of osteoporosis (2014)

Europe

●European Menopause and Andropause Society (EMAS): Position statement – Bone densitometry screening for osteoporosis (2011)

United Kingdom

●National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE): Osteoporosis – Assessing the risk of fragility fracture (2012, updated 2017)