Classification of parenteral and oral cephalosporins

First generation	Second generation	Second generation/ Cephamycins*	Third generation	Fourth generation	Advanced generation and combination agents
Parenteral cephalosporins
Cefazolin (Ancef, Kefzol) Cephalothin (Keflin, Seffin)^¶ Cephapirin (Cefadyl)^¶ Cephradine (Velosef)^¶	Cefamandole (Mandol)^¶ Cefonicid (Monocid)^¶ Cefuroxime (Kefurox, Zinacef)	Cefmetazole (Zefazone)^¶ Cefotetan (Cefotan) Cefoxitin (Mefoxin)	Cefoperazone (Cefobid)^¶ Cefotaxime (Claforan) Ceftazidime (Fortaz)^Δ Ceftizoxime (Cefizox)^¶ Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) Moxalactam^¶	Cefepime (Maxipime) Cefpirome (Cefrom)^¶	Ceftaroline (Teflaro) Cefiderocol (Fetroja) Ceftobiprole (Zeftera)^¶ Ceftolozane-tazobactam (Zerbaxa) Ceftazidime-avibactam (Avycaz, Zavicefta) Cefoperazone-sulbactam^¶
Oral cephalosporins
Cefadroxil (Duricef, Ultracef) Cephalexin (Keflex, Biocef, Keftab) Cephradine (Velosef)^¶	Cefaclor (Ceclor) Cefprozil (Cefzil) Cefuroxime-axetil (Ceftin) Loracarbef (Lorabid)^¶		Cefdinir (Omnicef) Cefditoren (Spectracef)^¶ Cefixime (Suprax) Cefpodoxime-proxetil (Vantin) Ceftibuten (Cedax)^¶

* Cefamycins have a chemical structure that is distinct from that of cephalosporins but functionally similar, and they are often classified as cephalosporins.
¶ Not marketed in the United States.
Δ Unlike most other third generation cephalosporins, ceftazidime has expected activity against Pseudomonas species; however, it has relatively poor activity against gram-positive organisms.

Original table modified for this publication. Craig WA, Andes DR. Cephalosporins. In: Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases, Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ (Eds), 8th ed, Elsevier, Philadelphia 2015. Table used with the permission of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Graphic 115428 Version 4.0

خرید پکیج

Classification of parenteral and oral cephalosporins