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Epidural local anesthetic onset time and duration of action

Epidural local anesthetic onset time and duration of action
Drug Concentration (%) Onset (minutes) Duration of anesthesia (minutes)
Plain Plus epinephrine
Bupivacaine 0.25 to 0.75 20 165 to 225 180 to 240
Lidocaine 1 to 2 15 60 to 90 90 to 120
Ropivacaine 0.2 to 1.0 15 to 20 90 to 180 150 to 200
Levobupivacaine 0.25 to 0.75 15 to 20 150 to 225 150 to 240
2-Chloroprocaine 2 to 3 10 to 15 45 to 60 60 to 90
This table shows commonly used concentrations of local anesthetics for epidural anesthesia, onset time, and duration of action, based on published studies and clinical experience.
Adapted from:
  1. Cousins MJ, Bromage PR. Epidural neural blockage. In: Neural blockade in clinical anesthesia and management of pain, Cousins MJ, Bridenbaugh PO (Eds), JB Lippincott, Philadelphia 1988. p.255.
  2. Veering BT, Cousins MJ. Epidural neural blockade. In: Cousins & Bridenbaugh's Neural Blockade in Clinical Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, 4th ed, Cousins MJ, Carr DB, Horlocker TT, Bridenbaugh PO (Eds), Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia 2009.
  3. Berde CB, Strichartz GR. Local anesthetics. In: Miller's Anesthesia, 8th ed, Miller RD (Ed), Elsevier, Philadelphia 2015.
Graphic 113983 Version 1.0

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