Introduction — This topic includes links to society and government-sponsored guidelines from selected countries and regions around the world. We will update these links periodically; newer versions of some guidelines may be available on each society's website. Some societies may require users to log in to access their guidelines.
The recommendations in the following guidelines may vary from those that appear in UpToDate topic reviews. Readers who are looking for UpToDate topic reviews should use the UpToDate search box to find the relevant content.
Links to related guidelines are provided separately. (See "Society guideline links: Regional poison control centers" and "Society guideline links: Management of environmental emergencies".)
International
●World Health Organization (WHO): Guidelines for the management of snakebites, 2nd edition (2016)
●WHO: Guidelines for the prevention and clinical management of snakebite in Africa (2010)
Canada
United States
●Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC): Yellow Book 2024 – Health Information for International Travel: Food poisoning from marine toxins (published 2023)
●American Academy of Emergency Medicine (AAEM): Clinical practice statement – How should native crotalid envenomation be managed in the emergency department? (2020, updated 2021)
●Joint Trauma System (JTS): Clinical practice guideline on global snake envenomation management (2020)
Australia–New Zealand
●Australian Resuscitation Council (ARC): The ARC guidelines – Section 9.4: Envenomation (updated 2021)
•ANZCOR Guideline 9.4.2 – Australian spider bite (2021)
•Guideline 9.4.5 – Jellyfish stings (2014)
•Guideline 9.4.6 – Blue-ringed octopus and cone shell (2014)
•Guideline 9.4.7 – Envenomation: Fish stings (2014)
•Guideline 9.4.8 – Pressure immobilisation technique (2014)
●QAS: Clinical practice guidelines on toxicology and toxinology – Envenomation: Spider (2020)
●QAS: Clinical practice guidelines on toxicology and toxinology – Envenomation: Snake (2020)
●Government of South Australia: Management guidelines on snakebite and spiderbite (2018)
●A clinician's guide to Australian venomous bites and stings (2013)
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